Concentration-dependent inhibition of S1S2 interaction by unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins, dalteparin and enoxaparin but not synthetic pentasaccharide, fondaparinux. RT4 cells were pre-incubated with the stated concentrations of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin, dalteparin and fondaparinux for 30 min at 37 °C, then with 100 nM wtS1S2 for a further 60 min at 37 °C before fluorescent secondary anti-His6 was added for a further 30 min at 21 °C. Cell-associated fluorescence was measured by flow cytometry and is shown as a percentage of the wtS1S2 attachment to untreated control cells. Data are the means ± SEM of 2–3 experiments performed in duplicate.