Table 4.

Terpenes and terpenoids in olive leaves identified by GC-QTOF-MS using NIST 20 Mass Spectral database.

Peak No	RT (min)	Family	Key	Tentative Identification	Formula	Match Factor	Main Fragments (m/z) b	Reference
1	8.35	Monoterpenoid	C10#1	Borneol isomer	C10H18O	75	121, 110, 95
2	8.67	Monoterpenoid	C10#2	Anethole	C10H12O	95	148, 133, 177, 105
3	9.90	Monoterpenoid	C10#3	Cymenol isomer	C10H14O	80	135, 115, 91	[40]
4	10.01	Monoterpenoid	C10#4	Thymol a	C10H14O	93	150, 135, 91	[63]
5	10.67	Monoterpene	C10#5	Camphene	C10H16	73	136, 121, 91
6	10.78	Monoterpenoid	C10#6	Eugenol	C10H12O2	96	164, 149, 131, 103	[64]
7	11.37	Monoterpenoid	C10#7	Methyleugenol	C11H14O2	71	161, 119, 105
8	11.95	Sesquiterpenoid	C15#1	Nerolidol	C15H26O	72	161, 133, 119, 105, 91	[64]
9	12.59	Sesquiterpene	C15#2	Farnesene	C15H24	68	133, 120, 93, 69
10	13.14	Apocarotenoid	C11#1	Dihydroactinidiolide	C11H16O2	80	152, 137, 111
11	13.33	Sesquiterpenoid	C15#3	Caryophyllene oxide	C15H24O	77	161, 136, 121, 107, 93	[3,40,64,65]
12	13.71	Apocarotenoid	C13#1	4-Oxo-β-isodamascol	C13H20O2	75	121, 105, 91, 93, 79	[3]
13	13.99	Apocarotenoid	C13#2	3-Hydroxy-β-damascone	C13H20O2	79	208, 193, 175	[3,64]
14	14.38	Apocarotenoid	C13#3	Cyclohexenone derivative	C13H20O2	73	161, 136, 121, 105
15	14.53	Sesquiterpene	C15#4	γ-Elemene	C15H24	75	201, 132, 119, 83	[65]
16	14.62	Sesquiterpenoid	C15#5	(-)-Globulol	C15H26O	81	204, 189, 135, 109
17	15.86	Apocarotenoid	C11#2	Isololiolide	C11H16O3	76	195, 152, 121
18	15.99	Meroterpenoid	C12#1	Chromene derivative	C12H20	71	212, 197, 155
19	16.43	Diterpenoid	C20#1	Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone	C18H36O	79	124, 109, 95	[3,66]
20	17.17	Diterpenoid	C20#2	Geranylgeraniol	C20H34O	80	135, 121, 107, 81	[3]
21	17.49	Diterpenoid	C20#3	Isophytol	C20H40O	85	123, 95, 81, 71	[3]
22	19.07	Diterpenoid	C20#4	Phytol a	C20H40O	86	123, 95, 81, 71
[3,23,25,35] 23	24.73	Triterpene	C30#1	Squalene a	C30H50	90	410, 341, 136, 121, 109, 81	[23,25,35]
24	24.98	Meroditerpenoid	C20#5	Tocospiro A	C29H50O4	80	419, 402, 137
25	25.14	Meroditerpenoid	C20#6	Tocospiro B	C29H50O4	79	419, 402, 137
26	26.30	Meroditerpenoid	C20#7	γ-Tocopherol	C28H48O2	75	416, 191, 151	[23,26,67]
27	26.41	Meroditerpenoid	C20#8	β-Tocopherol	C28H48O2	76	416, 191, 151	[23,26,67]
28	26.92	Meroditerpenoid	C20#9	α-Tocopherol a	C29H50O2	94	430, 205, 165	[23,26,35,67,68,69]
29	26.96	Meroditerpenoid	C20#10	α-Tocopherolquinone	C29H50O3	72	221, 203, 178, 150
30	27.69	Triterpenoid	C30#2	Stigmasterol	C28H48O	73	400, 382, 315, 213	[70]
31	28.28	Triterpenoid	C30#3	β-Sitosterol	C29H50O	86	414, 329, 255, 213	[23,66,70]
32	28.59	Sesquiterpene	C15#6	Germacrene D	C15H24	75	204, 189, 175
33	28.68	Triterpenoid	C30#4	β-Amyrin	C30H50O	88	218, 203, 189, 119	[7,23,67]
34	29.06	Triterpenoid	C30#5	α-Amyrin a	C30H50O	81	218, 203, 189, 119	[7,23,67]
35	29.28	Triterpenoid	C30#6	β-Amyrin acetate	C32H52O2	90	218, 203, 189, 119
36	29.67	Triterpenoid	C30#7	Lupenol acetate	C30H48O2	71	189, 161, 135, 121
37	30.60	Triterpenoid	C30#8	Ursolic acid derivative I	C30H48O2	70	440, 273, 232, 135	[6,7,8,23,71]
38	31.19	Triterpenoid	C30#9	Ursolic acid derivative II	C30H48O2	75	203, 189, 175	[[6,7,8,23,71]
39	31.50	Triterpenoid	C30#10	Erythrodiol a	C30H50O2	87	234, 203, 119	[7,30,72,73]
40	32.08	Triterpenoid	C30#11	Uvaol a	C30H50O2	88	234, 203, 119	[6,7,8,23,30,66,71,73,74]

^a Identification confirmed by reference standard. ^b Quantitative m/z ion is underlined.