Table 2.
Sample characteristics.
| (Sub)clinical SAD (n = 39) | No SAD (n = 62) | Statistical analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Male / Female (n) | 20 / 19 | 31/31 | χ2(1) = 0·02, p = 1·00 |
| Generation 1 / Generation 2 (n) | 19 / 20 | 27 / 35 | χ2(1) = 0·26, p = 0·68 |
| Age in years (mean ± SD) | 30·3 ± 15·5 | 31·3 ± 15·2 | β (± SE) = -1·0 ± 3·1, p = 0·76 |
| Estimated IQ (mean ± SD) | 104·3 ± 12·2 | 105·6 ± 10·5 | β (± SE) = -2·1 ± 2·2, p = 0·33 |
| Diagnostic information (n) | |||
| Clinical SAD | 17 | 0 | χ2(1) = 32·5, p < 0·001 |
| Depressive episode present | 1 | 1 | χ2(1) = 0·15, p = 1·00 |
| Depressive episode past | 12 | 9 | χ2(1) = 4·8, p = 0·04 |
| Dysthymia present | 3 | 0 | χ2(1) = 5·3, p = 0·05 |
| Dysthymia past | 1 | 1 | χ2(1) = 0·2, p = 1·00 |
| Panic disorder lifetime | 5 | 2 | χ2(1) = 3·9, p = 0·10 |
| Agoraphobia present | 3 | 2 | χ2(1) = 1·2, p = 0·35 |
| Agoraphobia past | 0 | 2 | χ2(1) = 1·2, p = 0·53 |
| Separation anxiety | 0 | 1 | χ2(1) = 0·8, p = 1·00 |
| Specific phobia | 2 | 3 | χ2(1) = 0·02, p = 1·00 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder present | 1 | 0 | χ2(1) = 1·7, p = 0·37 |
| Obsessive compulsive disorder | 1 | 0 | χ2(1) = 1·7, p = 0·37 |
| Alcohol dependency present | 1 | 1 | χ2(1) = 0·2, p = 1·00 |
| Alcohol dependency lifetime | 1 | 3 | χ2(1) = 0·3, p = 1·00 |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | 1 | 3 | χ2(1) = 0·3, p = 1·00 |
| Self-report measures | |||
| Social anxiety symptoms (z-score; mean ± SD) | 3·0 ± 3·3 | 0·6 ± 1·5 | β ± SE = 2·6 ± 0·5, p < 0·001 |
| Fear of negative evaluation (mean ± SD) | 23·3 ± 12·3 | 12·8 ± 8·0 | β ± SE = 10·4 ± 2·0, p < 0·001 |
| Depressive symptoms (z-score; mean ± SD) | 0·0 ± 0·9 | -0·5 ± 0·7 | β ± SE = 0·5 ± 0·2, p < 0·001 |
| STAI - trait (mean ± SD) | 38·8 ± 9·4 | 33·1 ± 8·5 | β ± SE = 5·5 ± 1·2, p = 0·002 |
| BIS (z-score; mean ± SD) | 0·4 ± 1·3 | -0·4 ± 0·9 | β ± SE = 0·8 ± 0·2, p = 0·0004 |
| BAS (z-score; mean ± SD) | -0·9 ± 1·0 | -0·6 ± 1·0 | β ± SE = -0·5 ± 0·2, p = 0·02 |
aDue to technical reasons, data on the presence of subclinical SAD were lost for eight family members. Data from these participants were, however, included in the endophenotype analyses using SA-level (z-score) as a predictor. BAS = behavioral activation system; BIS = behavioral inhibition system; SD = standard deviation; SE = standard error; STAI = state trait anxiety inventory;