Figure 6. Making point-to-point reaches improves tracking performance, especially under mirror reversal.

(A) Participants learned to counter either a visuomotor rotation ($n=10$) or mirror-reversal ($n=10$). The experimental design was similar to the main experiment except point-to-point reaching practice was almost entirely eliminated; between the early- and late-learning tracking blocks, participants only performed 15 point-to-point reaches. The purpose of these reaches was not for training but simply to assess learning in the point-to-point task. (B–D) Gain matrix analysis, identical to that in Figure 5, performed on data from the follow-up experiment. (B) Visualization of the gain matrix from one trial of each listed block, averaged across participants. (C) Off-diagonal elements of the gain matrices, averaged across participants. (D) Computed rotation angle for the rotation group’s gain matrices (upper) and gain orthogonal to mirroring axis for the mirror-reversal group (lower), averaged across participants. All error bars in this figure are SEM across participants.

Figure 6—figure supplement 1. Gain matrix analysis performed on single-subject data for the follow-up experiment.

Gain matrix analysis, identical to the one performed in Figure 6 except performed on a single subject from each group. (A) Visualizations of gain matrices from a single trial in each listed block. (B) Average of the off-diagonal values of the gain matrix. (C) Compensation angle for the rotation group and gain orthogonal to the mirror axis for the mirror-reversal group. Note that compensation angles could not be computed for every trial using our singular value decomposition approach, so several data points are missing in the figure (see ‘Trajectory-alignment analysis’ for details on this approach).