Table 1.

Classification of probe depending on labelling distribution.

Type of In Situ Technique	Application	Advantage	Probe
Interphase fish	Use in routine oncology diagnostic, haemato-oncology	Application on interphase cells—native or fixed	Locus specific DNA Probe
M-FISH SKY FISH COBRA FISH	Identification of unknown genetic material-marker chromosome—cancer diagnostic	Detection of complex changes in genome	Oligonucleotide chromosome-painting probe
In situ Hybridization Chain Reaction	Detect mRNA in all kinds of cells and tissues, or whole organism. Use in visualization of multiple gene expression	Combines multiplexing, quantitation, sensitivity, resolution, and versatility	Split-initiator DNA probe
Click Amplifying FISH-Clamp FISH	Detection of low abundance transcripts in tissue. Clamp FISH enables is flow cytometry-based measurement of RNA expression	Use multiple amplifiers to study and detect multiple RNA targets	Padlock probes
Click Encoded Rolling FISH	Understand how transcript is organized during cell cycle identifying decrease and increase in this signal during each phase of cycle	Displays a subcellular distribution of RNA	The circularized padlock probes
Mi-RNA ISH	Detect mRNA in all kinds of cells and tissues, or whole organism	Identification and visualization of disease specific markers	Locked nucleic acid (LNA) based probe
PRINS	Detection of long repeating sequences of DNA-satellites and telomeres	Capable of measuring the length in heterogeneous cell populations	Unlabeled, short and specific oligonucleotides
Quantitative FISH	Study of heterogeneity in transcription and expression of genes	Determination of cell behavior in normal and affected tissue	Fluorescent peptide- nucleotide probe-PNA-in telomere detection