(a) (a1–a5) Live mouse anatomy sections prior to injection of UC-α-CD. (a6–a10) Anatomy sections after 35 min post-intravenous injection of UC-α-CD. Figure (a1,a6) with a dashed line indicates the mouse position. (a7–a10) suggests UC-α-CD localization. (a11) Three-dimensional image collection. (a12) Analyzed area related section. (b) (b1) The setup for a wide-field epi-fluorescence microscopy. The 980 nm CW laser is the excitation source for UCNPs; the 532 nm diode laser is the light source for RFP; the acronyms used in the diagram are as follows:RC—reflective collimator; LC—live-cell chamber; S—sample; F—optical fiber; PS—piezo objective scanner; Obj—objective lens; L—lens; DM—dichroic mirror; T—tube lens; M—mirror. (b2) Scheme for scanning of the objective lens. (c) Early state colocalizations of UCNPs with early endosomes or late endosomes in tau aggregated SH-SY5Y cell. (c1) Control 20 min (955 frame), (c2) forskolin 20 min (739 frame), (c3) okadaic acid 20 min (771 frame), (c4) control 2 h (991 frame), (c5) forskolin 2 h (972 frame), and (c6) okadaic acid 2 h (974 frame). Magenta: UCNPs; green: early endosome; cyan: late endosome. Adapted with permission from [134,141,142].