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. 2021 Jul 7;11(7):997. doi: 10.3390/biom11070997

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic graph illustrates the mechanisms of DF/DFPCs in regulating osteoclast formation and osteoblast differentiation during tooth eruption. Colony-stimulating factor-one (CSF-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide-2 (EMAP-2), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), collagen type 1 (Col1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) and parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R).