Table 3.

New approach derived from organoids.

	Organ-on-a-Chip Technology	References
Model type	Microfabricated cell culture device	[106]
Function	Reproduction of key functional features of human organs in vitro, mainly
	Cytostructural organization of different cell types	[106]
	Dynamics of flow perfusion
Advantages	Each “organ functional unit” can be interconnected based on microfluidic channels simulating multi-organ interactions	[107]
	A reflective model for metastatic process study
Recent trials	Combining both organoids and organ-on-a chip models thus taking the best features of both systems:
	Creation of a 3D-perfusable blood vessel network capable of delivering nutrients and/or drugs to patient-derived breast cancer	[108]
	Evaluation of Bleomycin cytotoxicity through formulation of a multi-organ on a chip system composed of liver and heart organoids perfused in a closed loop with a micro-engineered lung tissue	[108,109]
	Study of the metastatic spread of primary lung cancer through lung-brain-liver-bone-on-a-chip model	[109]