Table 6.
Associations between CHEI, MDS, and DASH scores and cardiometabolic risk factors among 269 Chinese participants with hyperlipidemia 1,2.
| Cardiometabolic Risk Factors | CHEI | MDS | DASH Scores | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β Coefficient (95% CI) | R2 | β Coefficient (95% CI) | R2 | β Coefficient (95% CI) | R2 | |
| Lipid and lipoprotein profiles | ||||||
| Triglyceride | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.015 (−0.032, 0.002) | 11.0% | −0.009 (−0.012, 0.135) | 10.0% | −0.010 (−0.031, 0.010) | 10.3% |
| Model 2 | −0.018 (−0.035, −0.001) * | 12.8% | 0.002 (−0.148, 0.151) | 11.3% | −0.011 (−0.032, 0.010) | 11.7% |
| TC | ||||||
| Model 1 | 0.003 (−0.009, 0.014) | 11.5% | 0.033 (−0.066, 0.131) | 11.6% | 0.005 (−0.010, 0.019) | 11.6% |
| Model 2 | 0.003 (−0.009, 0.015) | 11.9% | 0.051 (−0.052, 0.155) | 12.2% | 0.006 (−0.009, 0.020) | 12.1% |
| LDL-C | ||||||
| Model 1 | 0.004 (−0.008, 0.017) | 9.7% | 0.017 (−0.088, 0.123) | 9.6% | 0.003 (−0.012, 0.019) | 9.6% |
| Model 2 | 0.005 (−0.007, 0.018) | 10.2% | 0.025 (−0.086, 0.136) | 10.0% | 0.004 (−0.012, 0.019) | 10.0% |
| HDL-C | ||||||
| Model 1 | 0.003 (−0.002, 0.008) | 24.2% | 0.015 (−0.026, 0.057) | 23.9% | 0.003 (−0.003, 0.009) | 24.1% |
| Model 2 | 0.004 (−0.001, 0.009) | 26.0% | 0.018 (−0.025, 0.061) | 25.5% | 0.004 (−0.002, 0.010) | 25.8% |
| TC:HDL-C ratio | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.009 (−0.024, 0.005) | 12.9% | −0.024 (−0.146, 0.099) | 12.5% | −0.013 (−0.030, 0.005) | 13.0% |
| Model 2 | −0.012 (−0.026, 0.003) | 14.6% | −0.007 (−0.135, 0.120) | 13.8% | −0.013 (−0.030, 0.005) | 14.4% |
| LDL-C:HDL-C ratio | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.003 (−0.014, 0.008) | 8.5% | −0.028 (−0.118, 0.063) | 8.5% | −0.007 (−0.020, 0.006) | 8.7% |
| Model 2 | −0.004 (−0.015, 0.007) | 9.2% | −0.023 (−0.118, 0.072) | 9.1% | −0.007 (−0.020, 0.006) | 9.4% |
| ApoA1 | ||||||
| Model 1 | 0.001 (−0.002, 0.004) | 21.0% | 0.009 (−0.016, 0.034) | 21.1% | 0.002 (−0.002, 0.006) | 21.2% |
| Model 2 | 0.001 (−0.002, 0.004) | 23.0% | 0.012 (−0.014, 0.038) | 23.1% | 0.002 (−0.001, 0.006) | 23.3% |
| ApoB | ||||||
| Model 1 | 0.001 (−0.003, 0.004) | 5.8% | 0.002 (−0.027, 0.027) | 5.8% | 0 (−0.004, 0.004) | 5.8% |
| Model 2 | 0.001 (−0.003, 0.004) | 6.2% | 0.004 (−0.027, 0.032) | 6.2% | 0 (−0.004, 0.004) | 6.2% |
| ApoA1:ApoB ratio | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.002 (−0.006, 0.003) | 8.0% | 0.006 (−0.030, 0.043) | 7.9% | 0 (−0.005, 0.006) | 7.8% |
| Model 2 | −0.001 (−0.006, 0.003) | 8.7% | 0.003 (−0.034, 0.041) | 8.6% | 0.001 (−0.005, 0.006) | 8.6% |
| Glucose homeostasis biomarkers | ||||||
| Glucose | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.002 (−0.016, 0.011) | 5.5% | −0.092 (−0.201, 0.020) | 6.4% | −0.018 (−0.034, −0.002) * | 7.1% |
| Model 2 | −0.002 (−0.016, 0.011) | 6.6% | −0.073 (−0.190, 0.044) | 7.1% | −0.017 (−0.033, 0) * | 8.0% |
| HbA1c | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.002 (−0.011, 0.007) | 5.7% | −0.088 (−0.160, −0.015) * | 7.5% | −0.010 (−0.020, 0.001) | 6.7% |
| Model 2 | −0.001 (−0.010, 0.007) | 7.9% | −0.073 (−0.149, 0.003) | 9.1% | −0.009 (−0.019, 0.002) | 8.7% |
| Blood pressures | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.071 (−0.263, 0.122) | 17.9% | 0.189 (−1.428, 1.806) | 17.8% | −0.148 (−0.382, 0.087) | 18.2% |
| Model 2 | −0.062 (−0.256, 0.132) | 18.8% | −0.132 (−1.822, 1.558) | 18.7% | −0.153 (−0.387, 0.082) | 19.2% |
| Diastolic blood pressure | ||||||
| Model 1 | 0.023 (−0.093, 0.139) | 19.2% | 0.377 (−0.596, 1.349) | 19.3% | 0.043 (−0.098, 0.185) | 19.3% |
| Model 2 | −0.030 (−0.087, 0.146) | 21.3% | 0.065 (−0.945, 1.076) | 21.2% | 0.039 (−0.102, 0.179) | 21.3% |
1 Data are presented as β coefficients (95% CI) per 1 SD of the CHEI, MDS, or DASH score. Apo, Apolipoprotein; CHEI, Chinese Healthy Eating Index; DASH, dietary approaches to stop hypertension; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; MDS, Mediterranean Diet Score; TC, total cholesterol. 2 Associations between the CHEI, MDS, DASH scores and cardiometabolic risk factors were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. In model 1, the data were adjusted for potential confounders, including age, sex, BMI. Model 2 included model 1 plus additional sociodemographic and lifestyle confounders, including cigarette smoking, education status, physical activity and total energy intake. * p < 0.05.