Table 1.

Preparation techniques and recent studies of liposomes.

Liposome Formulation	Liposome Preparation Technique	Core Materials	Shell Materials	Protectant	Main Result	Ref.
Liquid State	Thin Film Hydration (+ Extrusion/Sonication)	Curcumin	Soybean lecithin, cholesterol	Chitosan	Improved stability of curcumin-loaded liposomes	[16]
		Fish hydrolyzed collagen	Soy phosphatidylcholine with cholesterol or glycerol	-	Enhanced bioactivities and stability of hydrolyzed collagen	[17]
	Ethanol Injection	Ethanolic coconut husk extract	Phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol	-	Enhanced antibacterial properties, improved dark color	[15]
		Cinnamaldehyde	Egg yolk lecithin, Tween 80	Chitosan	Increased encapsulation efficiency, antibacterial activity and storage stability	[18]
	Microfluidization	Branched-chain amino acids	Phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, palmitic acid, hexadecylamine	Chitosan, pectin	Improved colloidal and intestinal stabilities of encapsulated branched-chain amino acids	[22]
		Green tea extract	Soybean lecithin	Gum arabic, Whey protein, lysozyme, chitosan	Increased storage stability of liposomes	[23]
	Heating (+ Sonication)	Rutin, glycerol, cellulose nanofibers	Soybean lecithin	HPMC	Improved appearance, increased apparent viscosity, decreased cohesive energy of the coating suspension	[24]
	High Shear Disperser	Black mulberry (Morus nigra) extract	Lecithin	Chitosan, maltodextrin	Protected anthocyanin content, enhanced in vitro bioaccessibility of anthocyanins	[25]
	Sonication	Shrimp oil	Phosphatidylcholine	-	Improved stability and nanoencapsulation efficiency, minimized fishy odor	[26]
	Superficial	Olive pomace extract	l-α-Phosphatidylcholine	-	Increased encapsulation efficiency of polyphenol compounds	[27]
		Limonene	l-α-Phosphatidylcholine	-	Increased encapsulation efficiency of limonene	[28]
	Mozafari	Green tea extract	Lecithin, glycerol	-	Improved stability and antioxidant activity of green tea extract	[29]
		Algal extract	Soybean lecithin	-	Increased stability, maintained the antioxidant activity of algal extract	[30]
Solid State	Freeze Drying	Calcein, 5-fluorouracil, flurbiprofen	Soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol	Sucrose, lactose, mannitol	Increased encapsulation efficiency	[19]
		Glycyrrhetinic acid	Soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol	Lactose, sucrose, trehalose, mannitol	Increased water solubility and encapsulation efficiency	[20]
	Spray Drying	Lopinavir	Phospholipon 85G®, cholesterol	-	Increased stability and % entrapment efficiency	[21]