Table 6.
Estimated hazard ratio (HR) along with 95% confidence interval from a multivariable Cox regression model on the association between prognostic factors and overall survival for grades II and III resected STS in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2017.
| Factor | HR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| Young (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Middle | 1.651 | 1.471–1.854 | <0.001∗ |
| Old | 3.323 | 2.952–3.740 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Sex | |||
| Female sex (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Male sex | 1.097 | 1.009–1.193 | 0.030∗ |
|
| |||
| Year of diagnosis | |||
| 2009–2017 (ref.) | — | — | — |
| 2000–2008 | 1.169 | 1.072–1.274 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Location | |||
| Lower extremity (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Upper extremity | 0.922 | 0.807–1.054 | 0.234 |
| Head and neck | 1.228 | 1.074–1.404 | 0.003∗ |
| Trunk | 1.183 | 1.066–1.314 | 0.002∗ |
| Heart/mediastinum/pleura | 2.177 | 1.464–3.235 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Subtype | |||
| UPS (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Myxofibrosarcoma | 0.885 | 0.747–1.048 | 0.157 |
| Leiomyosarcoma | 1.228 | 1.060–1.422 | 0.006∗ |
| Angiosarcoma | 1.631 | 1.338–1.988 | <0.001∗ |
| MPNST | 1.328 | 1.079–1.635 | 0.008∗ |
| Synovial sarcoma | 0.986 | 0.797–1.219 | 0.895 |
| MLS | 0.613 | 0.480–0.783 | <0.001∗ |
| Pleomorphic liposarcoma | 0.813 | 0.623–1.060 | 0.126 |
| Dedifferentiated liposarcoma | 0.805 | 0.652–0.995 | 0.045∗ |
| Liposarcoma NOS | 0.864 | 0.630–1.185 | 0.364 |
| Rest category | 0.968 | 0.839–1.116 | 0.651 |
|
| |||
| Grade | |||
| Intermediate grade II (ref.) | — | — | — |
| High grade III | 1.417 | 1.264–1.589 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Tumor size | |||
| ≤5 cm (ref.) | — | — | — |
| >5 cm | 1.631 | 1.451–1.833 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Tumor depth | |||
| Superficial depth (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Deep depth | 1.234 | 1.122–1.356 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Perioperative RT | |||
| No (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Yes | 0.810 | 0.741–0.886 | <0.001∗ |
|
| |||
| Perioperative chemotherapy | |||
| No (ref.) | — | — | — |
| Yes | 1.137 | 0.936–1.381 | 0.196 |
|
| |||
| Surgical margins | |||
| R0 margins (ref.) | — | — | — |
| R1/R2 margins | 1.492 | 1.327–1.677 | <0.001∗ |
Abbreviations: HR=hazard ratio, CI=confidence interval, ref. = reference, UPS = undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, MPNST = malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, MLS = myxoid liposarcoma, NOS = not otherwise specified, RT = radiotherapy. ∗p < 0.05.