Electrically-stimulated hNPC-containing CNGs support functional recovery in vivo. (a) Electrically-stimulated hNPC-containing CNGs (CNGs+Cells+ES) show improved muscular gripping force compared to transected control (Transected), unstimulated CNGs (CNGs), stimulated CNGs (CNGs+ES), and unstimulated hNPC-containing CNGs (CNGs+Cells) after 12 weeks. Data were normalized against healthy contralateral sides of the animals. (n=10, **p<0.01) (b) Positional placement exhibited significant improvement in stimulated hNPC-containing CNGs (CNGs+Cells+ES) from week 1 onward. (c) Extensor postural thrust showed that stimulated hNPC-containing CNGs (CNGs+Cells+ES) generated the most force from the injured leg compared to the transected group starting week 1. Data were normalized against the healthy contralateral sides. (n=10, # indicated “CNGs+Cells” group vs “Transected” control, * indicated “CNGs+Cells+ES” group vs “Transected” control, p<0.05, 0.01, 0.001 corresponding to the number of symbols, respectively) For these graphs, data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test per time point.