Abstract
Following treatment of sheep with different sulfonamides, residues in kidney, liver, and muscle have been determined by microbiological and chemical methods. By the microbiological method residues could be detected in kidney until the third day after the combined treatment with sulfadimidine/sulfanilamide. Using the chemical method, residues of about 3.80 p.p.m. could be found that day in kidney, while the concentrations in liver and muscle were about 1.90 and 1.20 p.p.m., respectively. On the eighth day after the last treatment traces of the medicine could be found in kidney, liver and muscle by using the chemical method.
Residues of sulfamethoxypyridazine could be detected micro-biologically in kidney the second day after the last administration of the drug. The concentration at that time in kidney, liver and muscle determined by chemical analyses was about 4.66, 2.45 and 1.23 p.p.m., respectively. Traces of sulfamethoxypyridazine in kidney, liver and muscle could also be detected on the eighth day after the last medication.
Considering altered metabolic rates of sick animals and variations in excretion rates between individuals of the same species, as well as variation in size of the doses applied, a 10 day withdrawal period for sulfonamides is proposed.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (859.9 KB).
Acknowledgments
The authors are greatly indebted to Dr. S. Tollersrud at Kjeller animal research farm for providing animals. Special thanks are given to Mr. J. Andal for technical assistance.
References
- Bratton A C, Marshall E K. A new coupling component for sulfanilamide determination. J. biol. Chem. 1939;128:537–550. [Google Scholar]
- Jiintgen H-L. Ergebnisse von Querschnittsuntersuchungen auf Arsenikalien, Nitrofurane, Sulfonamide und Chloramphenicol im Fleisch schachtbarer Haustiere. (Residues of arsenicals, nitrofurans, sulfonamides and chloramphenicol in the meat of slaughter animals) 1973. [Google Scholar]
- Muller J H, Hinton J. A protein-free medium for primary isolation of the Gonococcus and Meningococcus. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 1941;48:330–337. doi: 10.3181/00379727-48-13311. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- Nielsen P, Lange M, Rasmussen F. Bestemmelse af restkoncentra- tioner af sulfonamider i nyrevaev. (Determination of residues of sulfonamides in kidney). Medlemsbl. danske Dyrlsegeforen. 1974;57:505–508. [Google Scholar]
- Rasmussen F, Nielsen P, Svendsen O. Vaevsbeskadigelser og kon- centrationer pa injektionsstedet sarnt restkoncentrationer i muskulatur, lever og nyrer efter intramuskulaer injektion af in- jectabile sulfadimidini 0.2 g/ml p& grise. (Tissue injuries, concentrations at the injection site and the concentrations in muscles, liver and kidney after intramuscular injection of inject- abile sulphadimidini 0.2 g/ml in pigs). Nord. Vet.-Med. 1973;25:256–261. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Read R B, Jr., J. G B, A. A S, A. R B. Detection of sulfa drugs and antibiotics in milk. Appl. Microbiol. 1971;21:806–808. doi: 10.1128/AM.21.5.806-808.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Righter H F, Worthington J M, Zimmermann H E, Jr., Mercer H D. Tissue-residue depletion of sulfaquinoxaline in poultry. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1970;31:1051–1054. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Righter H F, Worthington J M, Mercer H D. Tissue-residue depletion of sulfathiazole in swine. J. Animal Sci. 1971;33:797–798. doi: 10.2527/jas1971.334797x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Righter H F, Worthington J M, Mercer H D. Tissue-residue depletion of sulfamethazine in calves and chickens. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1971;32:1003–1006. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Righter H F, Worthington J M, Mercer H D. Tissue-residue depletion of sulfamerazine in sheep. J. agric. Food Chem. 1972;20:876–878. doi: 10.1021/jf60182a034. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tishler F, Sutter J L, Bathish J N, Hagman H E. Improved method for determination of sulfonamides in milk and tissues. J. agric. Food Chem. 1968;16:50–53. doi: 10.1021/jf60155a003. [DOI] [Google Scholar]