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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2021 Mar 31;272:120786. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120786

Figure 4. Gm-csf mRNA attenuates MPTP-induced nigrostriatal neurodegeneration and microglial activity.

Figure 4.

Mice were treated with PBS, MPTP, or MPTP and 0.001 mg/kg Gm-csf mRNA, 0.01 mg/kg Gm-csf mRNA, 0.1 mg/kg Gm-csf mRNA, or 0.1 mg/kg NTFIX. A. Dopaminergic (TH+/Nissl+) neurons within the substantia nigra (SN) and TH+ cell termini within the striatum (STR) of mice 7 days post MPTP (SN TH+ = scale bar, 500 μm, STR = scale bar, 1000 μm). B. Stereological quantification of total numbers of surviving TH+/Nissl+ and non-dopaminergic (TH-/Nissl+) neurons within the SN following MPTP intoxication. Differences in means (± SEM, n = 4–8) were determined where P < 0.05 compared with groups treated with aPBS, bMPTP, or cNTFIX. Mean percent remaining total neuron number is indicated on each treatment bar. C. Relative fold change of TH density in striatal dopaminergic termini normalized to PBS controls. Differences in means (± SEM, n = 4–8) were determined where P < 0.05 compared with aPBS. D. Mac-1+ microglia in the SN 2 days post MPTP (scale bar, 500 μm; inset image = 200x). E. Quantification of reactive microglia within SN. Differences in means (± SEM, n = 4–6) were determined where P < 0.05 compared with aPBS and bMPTP.