Abstract
Salmonella typhi murium, NVH 550 added in a concentration of 5 × 105 bacteria per ml could be detected in liquid manure and semi-solid manure, after 20 weeks and 12 weeks, respectively, at 10°C. In urine and solid manure, also held at 10°C, the test bacteria persisted for about 5 weeks. Salmonella typhi murium could not be isolated from solid manure held at 45°C for 14 days.
Addition of silage effluent to final concentrations of 20, 40 and 60% reduced the survival times in mixtures with liquid manure, while the opposite effect was observed in the mixtures of silage effluent and semi-solid manure or urine.
Inhibitory substances against Salmonella typhi murium or Sarcina lutea NVH 546 could not be demonstrated in any of the mixtures by the agar diffusion test.
The effects of environmental factors on the survival time of Salmonella typhi murium in different types of manure are discussed.
Keywords: salmonella, manure
Sammendrag
Salmonella typhi murium NVH 550 i en konsentrasjon av 5 × 105 bakterier pr. gram ble påvist i blaut og halvfast gjødsel henholdsvis 20 og 12 uker etter podning av bakteriene. I urin og fast gjødsel som også ble oppbevart ved 10°C, overlevde testbakteriene ca. 5 uker. Salmonella typhi murium lot seg ikke påvise i fast gjødsel oppbevart ved 45°C i 14 dager.
Tilsetning av silopress-saft til endelige konsentrasjoner på 20, 40 og 60% reduserte overlevelsestida i blandinger med blaut gjødsel, mens en påviste den motsatte virkning i blandinger med silopress-saft og halvfast gjødsel eller urin.
Hemmende stoffer overfor Salmonella typhi murium eller Sarcina lutea NVH 546 ble ikke påvist i noen av blandingene ved agardiffusjonsmetoden.
Virkningen av miljøfaktorer på overlevelsesevnen av Salmonella typhi murium i ulike gjødseltyper er diskutert og satt i relasjon til de påviste forskjellene i overlevelsesevne.
Full Text
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Footnotes
This work was financially supported by The Agricultural Research Council of Norway.
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