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. 2021 Aug 14;9(8):188. doi: 10.3390/toxics9080188

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Arsenic-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS generation in AD. As induces ROS production by mitochondrial dysfunction. NADPH oxidase (NOX) contributes to generate superoxide anions, which leads to the release of ROS in cells. ROS generation impairs fatty acids, proteins, and DNA, inducing neuroinflammation and subsequently causing cognitive dysfunction in AD.