Graphical Abstract
Trace minerals (TM), including Cu, Mn and Zn, are enzyme cofactors required for proper tissue metabolism. Supplementation with various forms of TM to cows may lead to improved bioavailability for reproductive or offspring growth advantages (Harvey et al., 2021; Perry et al., 2021). Solubility of TM within the rumen affects bacterial fermentation and fiber digestion, an important dietary consideration for cattle (Guimaraes et al, 2021).
References
- Guimaraes, O., Jalali S., Wagner J. J., Spears J. W., and Engle T. E.. . 2021. Trace mineral source impacts rumen trace mineral metabolism and fiber digestion in steers 5 fed a medium quality grass hay diet. J. Anim. Sci. 99:skab220. doi: 10.1093/jas/skab220. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harvey, K. M., Cooke R. F., Colombo E. A., Rett B., de Sousa O. A., Harvey L. M., Russell J. R., Pohler K. G., and Brandão A. P.. . 2021. Supplementing organic-complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn to beef cows during gestation: physiological and productive response of cows and their offspring until weaning. J Anim Sci. 99:skab095. doi: 10.1093/jas/skab095. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Perry, G. A., Perkins S. D., Northrop E. J., Rich J. J. J., Epperson K. M., Andrews T. N., Kline A. C., Quail L. K., Walker J. A., Wright C. L., and Russell J. R.. . 2021. Impact of trace mineral source on beef replacement heifer growth, reproductive development, and biomarkers of maternal recognition of pregnancy and embryo survival. J Anim Sci. 99:skab160. doi: 10.1093/jas/skab160. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]