. 2021 Aug 25;26(17):5156. doi: 10.3390/molecules26175156

Table 2.

Evaluations of the bioactive potential in Mexican oregano.

Specie	Analyzed Fraction	Extraction Technique	Tissue	Evaluated Bioactivity		Results	Reference
L. berlandieri	Essential oil	-	Leaves	Antimicrobial	E. coli/MRSA/A. niger	4/lower than 5/0.28 (MIC, μg mL⁻¹ of air)	[13]
P. longiflora	Essential oil Et-OH extract Ethyl acetate extract	Hydrodistillation/Diffusion	Leaves	Antioxidant activity	DPPH^● S. aureus/B. cereus	83.70 ± 4.12 EO, 151.90 ± 6.65 E-OH, 208.60 ± 12.25 Et-Ac. (IC50, μg mL−1)	[19]
P. longiflora	Essential oil Et-OH extract Ethyl acetate extract	Hydrodistillation/Diffusion	Leaves	Antimicrobial activity	DPPH^● S. aureus/B. cereus	250/250 EO, 1000/750 E-OH, 750/500 E-Ac (MIC, mg L−1)	[19]
L. graveolens L. palmeri	Chloroform/ methanol extracts	Agitation/Sonication	Leaves	Antiflammatory	ROS reduction COX-1 and 2 cyclooxygenases inhibition	59.8% to 87% COX-1 78.2%/64.7%/67.8% COX-2 81.7%/74.6%/64.7%	[25]
L. graveolens	Essential oil	-	Leaves	Antimicrobial	Candida albicans	6.4 to 21.5 (MLC₉₉, μL mL⁻¹ emulsifier agent)	[28]
L. graveolens	Methanolic extract	Maceration	Aerial parts	Antioxidant/UV protection	DPPH^● In vivo penetration study	21.89 ± 0.63 (IC₅₀, μg mL⁻¹) 20.14 ± 1.86 (μg cm⁻²)	[94]
L. graveolens	Methanol extract	Percolation	Leaves/flowers	Antiglycemic	α-glucosidase inhibition	IC₅₀ = 37.19 μM (Hispidulin).	[95]
				Anti-inflammatory	Antiflammatory	IC₅₀ = 0.72–1.31 μmol/ear (Naringenin, Eriodictyol and 3-Hydroxyphloridzin).
				Cytotoxicity	U251 & SK-LU-1 human tumor cell lines.	U251 (IC₅₀ = 37.0 µM) SK-LU-1 (IC₅₀ = 37.5 µM)

EO = Essential oil, E-OH = Ethanol extract, E-Ac = Ethyl acetate extract, MIC = Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, MLC = Minimum Lethal Concentration, ROS = Reactive oxygen species, COX-1 = cyclooxygenase–1, COX-2 = cyclooxygenase–2, U-251 MG cell line human, SK-LU-1: Human Lung Cancer Cell Line.