Figure 5.

Functional features of meningeal derived neurons. Electrical phenotype of resident and meningeal-derived neurons in somatosensory cortex (A, left panel). Patch current-clamp recordings of action potentials evoked by direct positive current injection in a resident principal cell and interneuron (black) and in cells of glutamatergic and GABAergic phenotype of meningeal origin (red). In B (left panel) the traces are the frequency-current curves obtained by direct positive current injection above rheobase. Meningeal-derived glutamatergic cells exhibit a higher action potential rate and a higher frequency gain as compared to their resident counterparts. The frequency gain of resident and meningeal-derived interneurons is similar, although the meningeal-derived interneuron generates action potentials at a lower rate as compared to its resident counterpart. Modified with permission from Bifari and others (2017). For comparison, the patch current-clamp recordings of action potentials evoked by direct positive current injection in a mature resident principal cell (black) and a postnatal differentiated mature complex cell (red) of the piriform cortex are shown (A, right panel). In B (right panel) the traces are the frequency-current curves obtained by direct positive current injection above rheobase. Complex cells exhibit different action potential rate and frequency gain as compared to their resident counterparts, similarly to meningeal-derived neuronal cells. Patch-clamp traces modified with permission from Benedetti and others (2020). Frequency-current curves obtained from the original dataset from Benedetti and others (2020) kindly provided by the authors.