Corrigendum to elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic journal of affective disorders 277 (2020) 5–13

The authors regret an error in the syntax that caused systematically lowered scores for all individuals on the pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire (PRAQ) and the interpersonal support evaluation list (ISEL). These scores have been updated in the tables and the text. There are no changes to the conclusions of the manuscript.

The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.

Section 2.4 Anxiety and depression symptoms

“In our sample, the median was 21, which we used to divide…”

Section 3.4 Parity

“… nulliparous individuals had higher pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms (F = 40.1, p<0.0001) compared to primiparous…”

Section 3.6 Resilience factors

“Average scores on the ISEL Total Support (general social support) were 40.1 +/- 6.3, which …”

Discussion p. 10, halfway down page

“Pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms were similarly elevated in our cohort (mean=21.1) compared to…”

Table 1, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5

Table 1.

Sample characteristics. Mean, standard deviation, and range are provided for key demographic characteristics and depression and anxiety symptoms in the sample. The number of datapoints available for each comparison is also given.

Measure	n	Mean	Standard deviation	Range	Cronbach's Alpha
Gestation (weeks)	1987	22.5	8.4	4–35.9	–
Age (years)	1900	32.4	4.2	18.6–47.6	–
Anxiety and Depression Symptoms
Pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire	1757	21.1	5.1	10–40	0.82
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS)	1764	10.7	5.3	0–30	0.88
PROMIS anxiety T-scores	1757	60.1	8.1	36–83	0.94
COVID-19 Stressors
Job loss due to COVID-19	1581	254 yes / 1327 no			–
Threat to own life from COVID-19	1795	46.4	24.3	0–100	–
Threat to baby's life from COVID-19	1793	51.7	25.1	0–100	–
Strained relationship with partner during COVID-19*	1735	56.3	21.3	0–100	–
Social isolation due to COVID-19	1785	64.1	26.1	0–100	–
Concerned not receiving necessary care due to COVID-19	1585	35.7	27.6	0–100	–
Resilience Factors
Physical activity (total score from Godin)	1947	33.1	21.2	0–119	–
Partner social support (SSEQ Total support)	1685	55.8	14.9	4–80	0.94
General social support (ISEL)	1674	40.1	6.3	12–48	0.88

^⁎Relationship strain was measured on a scale of 0–100, with 0 being It has strained our relationship and 100 being it has brought us closer together; 50 was not much has changed; so values <50 indicate strain and values >50 indicate closeness. All other COVID-19 stressors were measured from 0 [not at all] to 100 [very much so] with higher values indicating more strain.

Table 3.

Comparison of mental health symptoms by parity.

	Nulliparous (n = 971)	Primiparous (n = 735)	Multiparous (n = 277)	F-value	p-value
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale	10.6	10.6	10.8	2.6	0.078
PROMIS Anxiety T-scores	60.4	60.0	59.3	0.34	0.71
Pregnancy-related anxiety	22.2	20.3	19.6	40.01	<0.001

Significant results (p<0.017) are indicated in bold.

Table 4.

Multivariate models of COVID-19 specific factors predicting elevated anxiety and depression symptoms.

	B	SE	Wald	df	p	Odds Ratio	95% CI for Odds Ratio
							Lower	Upper
Depression Symptoms
Constant	−4.42	0.36	152.52	1	<0.001	.012
Threat to life	0.011	0.003	9.93	1	0.002	1.01	1.01	1.02
Harm to baby	0.010	0.003	9.95	1	0.002	1.01	1.01	1.02
Not getting needed care	0.013	0.003	26.26	1	<0.001	1.01	1.01	1.02
Relationship strain	−0.016	0.003	25.13	1	<0.001	0.98	0.98	0.99
Social isolation	0.045	0.004	163.92	1	<0.001	1.05	1.04	1.05
Loss of employment	0.21	0.18	1.42	1	0.23	1.24	0.87	1.76
General Anxiety Symptoms
Constant	−3.38	0.32	114.62	1	<0.001	0.03
Threat to life	0.021	0.003	39.09	1	<0.001	1.02	1.01	1.03
Harm to baby	0.011	0.003	12.87	1	0.001	1.01	1.01	1.02
Not getting needed care	0.012	0.003	19.83	1	<0.001	1.01	1.01	1.02
Relationship strain	−0.006	0.003	3.47	1	0.063	0.99	0.99	1.00
Social isolation	0.032	0.003	119.46	1	<0.001	1.03	1.03	1.04
Loss of employment	0.180	0.18	1.02	1	0.31	1.20	0.85	1.70
Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Symptoms#
Constant	−2.61	0.31	72.70	1	<0.001	0.07
Threat to life	0.006	0.003	4.39	1	0.04	1.01	1.00	1.01
Harm to baby	0.020	0.003	49.96	1	<0.001	1.02	1.01	1.03
Not getting needed care	0.018	0.002	57.08	1	<0.001	1.02	1.01	1.02
Relationship strain	−0.005	0.003	2.92	1	0.09	0.99	0.99	1.00
Social isolation	0.010	0.003	13.78	1	0.001	1.01	1.00	1.02
Loss of employment	−0.13	0.17	0.60	1	0.44	0.88	0.62	1.21

Loss of employment was binary (yes/no); all other variables are 0–100 scale. Significant results (p<0.0028) are shown in bold. ^#Model includes parity as a covariate.

Table 5.

Resilience factors predicting reduced anxiety and depression symptoms.

	B	SE	Wald	df	p	Odds Ratio	95% CI for Odds Ratio
							Lower	Upper
Depression Symptoms
Constant	3.42	.33	107.97	1	<0.001	30.47
Physical Activity	−0.01	0.003	6.66	1	0.01	0.99	0.988	0.99
Partner support	−0.03	0.004	68.91	1	<0.001	0.97	0.96	0.98
General support	−0.06	0.01	36.63	1	<0.001	0.95	0.93	0.96
General Anxiety Symptoms
Constant	3.49	0.34	108.07	1	<0.001	32.84
Physical activity	−0.01	0.002	8.28	1	0.004	0.99	0.988	0.998
Partner support	−0.03	.004	57.38	1	<0.001	0.97	0.96	0.98
General support	−0.04	0.01	13.45	1	<0.001	0.97	0.95	0.98
Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Symptoms#
Constant	3.75	0.37	102.06	1	<0.001	42.54
Physical activity	−0.01	0.003	6.66	1	0.01	0.99	0.988	0.998
Partner support	−0.03	0.004	68.26	1	<0.001	0.97	0.96	0.98
General support	−0.06	0.009	34.94	1	<0.001	0.95	0.93	0.96

Physical activity is the total score form the Godin. Partner support is the Total Support measure from the SSEQ; general support is the Total Support from the ISEL. Significant results (p<0.0056) are indicated in bold. ^#Model includes parity as a covariate.