Table 1.

Microbial concentration of the digested samples (final counts) and the survival percentage of L. salivarius to each stage (oral, gastric, and intestinal) and the entire simulated digestion (total) as affected by the food matrix and the growing media. Mean value ± standard deviation of triplicates from two independent treatments.

Treatment		Oral Stage $\frac{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{O}\mathit{S}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{U}\mathit{F}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}\mathit{·}100$	Gastric Stage $\frac{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{G}\mathit{S}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{O}\mathit{S}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}\mathit{·}100$	Intestinal Stage $\frac{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{I}\mathit{S}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{G}\mathit{S}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}\mathit{·}100$	Total $\frac{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{I}\mathit{S}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}{{\mathit{X}}_{\mathit{U}\mathit{F}}^{\mathit{l}\mathit{b}}}\mathit{·}100$	Final Counts (Log cfu/g)
MRS Broth		-	33 ± 2 b	48.50 ± 0.13 bc	15.8 ± 1.4 b	8.566 ± 0.004 f
VI apple	0%_0 MPa 0%_100 MPa 10%_0 MPa	97 ± 4 de 100 ± 2 e 93 ± 7 d	68 ± 3 d 65 ± 7 d 55 ± 9 c	68 ± 8 d 48 ± 2 b 54 ± 6 bc	47 ± 5 d 31 ± 4 c 28 ± 5 c	7.904 ± 0.012 e 7.644 ± 0.015 d 7.67 ± 0.06 d
FD apple	0%_0 MPa 0%_100 MPa 10%_0 MPa	99 ± 2 de 94 ± 4 de 93 ± 2 de	17 ± 5 a 28 ± 5 b 14 ± 3 a	53 ± 9 bc 58 ± 5 c 24 ± 3 a	9 ± 2 a 16 ± 3 b 3.1 ± 0.2 a	7.19 ± 0.05 c 7.438 ± 0.012 b 6.82 ± 0.07 a
AD apple	0%_0 MPa 0%_100 MPa 10%_0 MPa	66 ± 4 c 53 ± 6 b 31.9 ± 1.2 a	n d n d n d	n d n d n d	n d n d n d	n d n d n d

^abcde different superscripts in the same column indicate statistically significant differences (p-value < 0.05). $X_{UF}^{lb}$ are the colony counts of undigested food (cfu/g dw); $X_{OS}^{lb}$ are the colony counts at the end of the oral stage (cfu/g dw); $X_{GS}^{lb}$ are the colony counts at the end of the gastric stage (cfu/g dw); and $X_{IS}^{lb}$ are the colony counts at the end of the intestinal stage (cfu/g dw).