The glycolytic side-product MGO increases HIF-1α nuclear translocation in endothelial cells and LPS-stimulated macrophages but does not affect mRNA and protein levels of PHD2. Western blot analysis for HIF-1α in nuclear extracts from HUVEC (A) and U937 cells stimulated (or not, UCtr = untreated control) with LPS (10 ng/mL) (B), treated or untreated (Ctr) with the reactive dicarbonyl compound MGO (200 µM) for 48 h, in the presence or absence of the carbonyl trapping agent Car (20 mM), and relative band densitometry analysis from three separate experiments. PHD2 mRNA ((C), n = 5) and protein levels in total extracts (D), from HUVEC treated or untreated (Ctr) with MGO (200 µM) for 48 h, and relative band densitometry analysis from three separate experiments. Each dot in (C) represents the mean of two individual technical replicate. Bars represent mean ± SEM. Post hoc multiple comparison: *** p < 0.001 or ** p < 0.01 vs. Ctr; ††† p < 0.001 or † p < 0.05 vs. MGO.