Figure 2.

Hepatoprotective effects of sage essential oils against damage induced by 4 mM acetaminophen (AAP) in HepG-2 cells for 24 h in comparison to silymarin. The cytotoxicity of AAP with and without selected dose (100 μg/mL < IC₅₀ values) of sage essential oils and silymarin (SLY) on hepatic cell lines (HepG-2) (A) for hepatoprotective activity tests MDA levels (μM) (B), and TAOxC levels (mM) (C) in HepG-2 cells after exposure to 4 mM AAP and pretreated with sage essential oils or silymarin. Controls: supplemented media (CT); AAP 4 mM (AAP), silymarin (100 μg/mL) (SLY). Values are the mean  ± SD of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. * For p < 0.05, ** for p < 0.01, and *** for p < 0.001.