Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Women (n=561) |
Men (n=615) |
|
| General (mean (SD) or median (IQR)) | ||
| Age (years) | 71 (12) | 67 (12) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| Native Dutch | 471 (84.0) | 478 (77.7) |
| First-generation immigrant | 54 (9.6) | 88 (14.3) |
| Second-generation immigrant | 36 (6.4) | 49 (8.0) |
| Income (€) | 17,435(10,733–26,391) | 32,351(18,545–46,647) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 158 (28.2) | 167 (27.2) |
| Ejection fraction, n (%) | 162 (28.9) | 291 (47.3) |
| <40% | 86 (15.3) | 123 (20.0) |
| 40%–49% | 272 (48.5) | 155 (25.2) |
| ≥50% not recorded | 41 (7.3) | 46 (7.5) |
| Medical history and comorbidities, n (%) | ||
| Hypertension | 309 (55.1) | 274 (44.6) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 74 (13.2) | 122 (19.8) |
| Coronary heart disease | 42 (7.5) | 118 (19.2) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 47 (8.4) | 52 (8.5) |
| Cardiovascular intervention | 47 (8.4) | 140 (22.8) |
| Arrhythmia | 116 (20.7) | 154 (25.0) |
| Valvular heart disease | 50 (8.9) | 62 (10.1) |
| Clinical measures (mean (SD) or median (IQR)) | ||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 27.5 (5.6) | 28.1 (4.7) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 150 (26) | 146 (24) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 88 (14) | 88 (15) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.02 (1.13) | 4.55 (1.13) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.40 (1.00–2.10) | 1.60 [(.10–2.20) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 65 (27) | 66 (28) |
| Medication prescribed at baseline, n (%) | ||
| ACEI/ARB | 428 (76.3) | 506 (82.3) |
| Beta blocker | 381 (67.9) | 414 (67.3) |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist | 74 (13.2) | 104 (16.9) |
| Diuretic | 325 (57.9) | 314 (51.1) |
| Number of medication classes prescribed | ||
| 1 | 261 (46.5) | 251 (41.1) |
| 2 | 251 (44.7) | 286 (46.5) |
| 3 | 49 (8.7) | 76 (12.4) |
ACEI, ACE inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker.