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. 2021 Oct 12;1062:31–47. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1062.64746

New data on the valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from southern Greece

Sebastian Hofman 1,✉, Jozef Grego 2, Zoltán Fehér 3, Zoltán Péter Erőss 4, Aleksandra Rysiewska 5, Artur Osikowski 6, Andrzej Falniowski 5
PMCID: PMC8526508  PMID: 34720616

Abstract

The minute valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae are less studied than other hydrobiid gastropods. In this paper, new data on these snails are presented, which have been collected at twelve springs in southern Greece: one in Boeotia, one on Evvoia Island, and ten on the Peloponnese Peninsula. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear histone (H3) have been used to confirm the determinations and infer the relationships of the studied gastropods. They represent the genera Daphniola, Graecoarganiella and Isimerope. New localities, expanding the known geographic ranges, have been presented for Daphniolahadei and Daphniolalouisi. A species of Daphniola found at two localities has been identified as a species new to science, and its description, including the shell, penis, and female reproductive organs is given. Possible relationships between Graecoarganiella and Isimerope are discussed; their representatives are possibly new species. At one locality a single specimen likely represents a new genus: it was found to be most closely related with Islamia, but genetically (p-distance) too distant to be congeneric with Islamia.

Keywords: COI, H3, molecular phylogeny, new species, Peloponnese, spring gastropods

Introduction

Minute freshwater gastropods with depressed trochiform (valvatiform) shells often were classified as belonging to the family Valvatidae Gray, 1840. The first genus described for such hydrobiid snails was Horatia Bourguignat, 1887 from Dalmatia (Schütt 1961; Radoman 1965; Szarowska and Falniowski 2014). Hydrobiidae in Greece are still poorly studied, and their microhabitats have drastically disappeared (Szarowska and Falniowski 2011a). The poor knowledge is perhaps of more concern for the valvatiform-shelled hydrobiids, since their low-spired tiny shells are easily overlooked or treated as juveniles. Some authors, for example Schütt (1980), have expanded the ranges of the Central European and North Balkan genera towards Greece, which was criticized by for example, Radoman (1983, 1985). In the present paper, we present the valvatiform-shelled gastropods collected at 12 localities in southern Greece.

Material and methods

The snails were collected by hand or with a sieve at twelve localities listed in Table 1 (Fig. 1) during two trips in 2009 and 2018. Samples were sieved through 500 μm sieve and fixed in 80% analytically pure ethanol, replaced twice, and sorted later. Next, the snails were put in fresh 80% analytically pure ethanol and kept at -20 °C in a refrigerator. The shells were photographed with a Canon EOS 50D digital camera, under a Nikon SMZ18 microscope with dark field. Dissections were performed under a Nikon SMZ18 microscope with dark field, equipped with Nikon DS-5 digital camera. Captured images were used to draw anatomical structures with a graphic tablet. Morphometric parameters of the shell were measured all by the same person using a Nikon DS-5 digital camera and ImageJ image analysis software (Rueden et al. 2017).

Table 1.

Geographic coordinates of identified sampling sites, by species. See also the map (Fig. 1). Extraction numbers (in bold) are also given, see also Figures 7, 8.

Id Site Coordinates
Daphniolalongipenia
1 W edge of Katarraktis, spring 564 m, Achaia, Peloponnese, Greece; 2A29, 2B24 38.1014, 21.8328
2 Panagitsa, large spring 500 m, Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece; 2A32, 2B26, 2B27 37.7725, 22.2219
Daphniolahadei
3 3 km W of Megali Vrisi, Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece; 2A27 37.2267, 22.5222
4 Spring beneath Katafigio Parnonos, Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece; 2B19 37.2222, 22.6158
5 Kastorio, spring, 3 3 km N of village at aquaducte, Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece; 2B20 37.1733, 22.2944
Daphniolalouisi
6 Ag. Kiriaki spring N of Kato Kampia, Euboea, Greece; 2A33 38.5608, 23.8442
Graecoarganiellaparnassiana
7 mouth of Erkinas Gorge, Kria 2, Boeotia, Livadia, Greece 2A28, 2B23 38.4319, 22.8750
Isimeropesemele
8 Peloponnese, Achaia regional unit, Katarraktis center, spring and limetone cliffs, 2A30 38.0989, 21.8342
9 Peloponnese, Achaia regional unit, Ag. Georgios (E of Tripotam), Vici spring, 2A31 37.8525, 21.9397
10 Peloponnese, Achaia regional unit, Ag. Georgios (E of Tripotam), Anastasia spring, 2B21 37.8517, 21.9408
11 Ladon spring E of Kerasia, Achaia regional unit, 474 m; 462 m alt., Greece, 2A22 37.8361, 22.1819
cf. Islamia sp.
12 Mili, spring below power station (on the Astros–Argos road), Argolis 2A34 37.5525, 22.7175
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Figure 1.

Figure 1.

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Localities of the sampling sites. For geographic coordinates see Table 1.

Snails for molecular analysis were fixed in 80% ethanol, changed twice, and later stored in 96% ethanol. DNA was extracted from whole specimens; tissues were hydrated in TE buffer (3 × 10 min); then total genomic DNA was extracted with the SHERLOCK extraction kit (A&A Biotechnology), and the final product was dissolved in 20 μl of tris-EDTA (TE) buffer. The extracted DNA was stored at -80 °C at the Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków (Poland).

Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), and nuclear histone 3 (H3) loci were sequenced. Details of PCR conditions, primers used and sequencing were given in Szarowska et al. (2016). Sequences were initially aligned in the MUSCLE (Edgar 2004) program in MEGA 7 (Kumar et al. 2016) and then checked in BIOEDIT 7.1.3.0 (Hall 1999). Uncorrected p-distances were calculated in MEGA 7. Estimation of the proportion of invariant sites and the saturation test (Xia 2000; Xia et al. 2003) were performed using DAMBE (Xia 2013). In the phylogenetic analysis, additional sequences from GenBank were used as references (Table 2). The data were analysed using approaches based on Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML). We applied the GTR model whose parameters were estimated by RAxML (Stamatakis 2014). In the BI analysis, the GTR + I + Γ model of nucleotide substitution was applied. The model was selected using MrModelTest 2.3 (Nylander 2004). The Bayesian analyses were run using MrBayes v. 3.2.3 (Ronquist et al. 2012) with defaults of most priors. Two simultaneous analyses were performed, each with 10,000,000 generations, with one cold chain and three heated chains, starting from random trees and sampling the trees every 1000 generations. The first 25% of the trees were discarded as burn-in. The analyses were summarised as a 50% majority-rule tree. Convergence was checked in Tracer v. 1.5 (Rambaut and Drummond 2009). FigTree v. 1.4.4 (Rambaut 2010) was used to visualise the trees. The ML analysis was conducted in RAxML v. 8.2.12 (Stamatakis 2014) using the RAxML-HPC v.8 on XSEDE (8.2.12) tool via the CIPRES Science Gateway (Miller et al. 2010). Bootstrap support was calculated with 1000 replicates and summarised on the best ML tree.

Table 2.

Taxa used for phylogenetic analyses (COI and H3) with their GenBank (GB) accession numbers and references.

Species COIGB numbers H3GB numbers References
Agrafiawiktori Szarowska & Falniowski, 2011 JF906762 MG543158 Szarowska and Falniowski 2011b; Grego et al. 2017
Alzoniellafinalina Giusti & Bodon, 1984 AF367650 - Wilke et al. 2001
Anagastinazetavalis (Radoman, 1973) EF070616 - Szarowska 2006
Belgrandiellakuesteri (Boeters, 1970) MG551325 MG551366 Osikowski et al. 2018
Dalmatinellafluviatilis Radoman, 1973 KC344541 - Falniowski and Szarowska 2013
Daphnioladione Radea, Lampri, Bakolitsas & Parmakelis, 2021 MW581160 - Radea et al. 2021
Daphniolaexiqua (A. Schmidt, 1856) EU047766, JF916470 - Falniowski et al. 2007; Falniowski and Szarowska 2011a
Dapniolagraeca Radoman, 1973 EU047763 - Falniowski et al. 2007
Daphniolahadei (Gittenberger, 1982) JF916477, JF916479 - Falniowski and Szarowska 2011a
Daphniolahadei (Gittenberger, 1982) MZ093457- MZ093459 MZ265365–MZ265367 present study
Daphniolalouisi Falniowski & Szarowska, 2000 EU047769, KM887914, KM887915 - Falniowski et al. 2007; Szarowska et al. 2014
Daphniolalouisi Falniowski & Szarowska, 2000 MZ093456 MZ265364 present study
Daphniolalongipenia MZ093460- MZ093464 MZ265368–MZ265372 present study
Daphniolamagdalenae Falniowski, 2015 KT825578, KT825580 - Falniowski and Sarbu 2015
Ecrobiamaritima (Milaschewitsch, 1916) KX355835 MG551322 Osikowski et al. 2016/Grego et al. 2017
Fissuriaboui Boeters, 1981 AF367654 - Wilke et al. 2001
Grazianaalpestris (Frauenfeld, 1863) AF367641 - Wilke et al. 2001
Graecoarganiellaparnassiana Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011 JN202349, JN202352 - Falniowski and Szarowska 2011b
Graecoarganiellaparnassiana Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011 MZ093454- MZ093455 MZ265362–MZ265363 present study
Grossuanaangeltsekovi Glöer & Georgiev, 2009 KU201090 - Falniowski et al. 2016
Grossuanahohenackeri (Küster, 1853) KC011749 - Falniowski et al. 2012
Hauffeniamichleri (Kuščer, 1932) KT236156 KY087878 Falniowski and Szarowska 2015/Rysiewska et al. 2017
Isimeropesemele Radea & Parmakelis, 2013 KC841149 - Radea et al. 2013
Isimeropesemele Radea & Parmakelis, 2013 MZ093450- MZ093453 MZ265358–MZ265361 present study
Isimerope sp. JN202354 Falniowski and Szarowska 2011b
Islamiazermanica (Radoman, 1973) KU662362 MG551320 Beran et al. 2016; Grego et al. 2017
Islamia sp. MZ093465 MZ265373 present study
Pontobelgrandiella sp. Radoman, 1978 KU497024 MG551321 Rysiewska et al. 2016/Grego et al. 2017
Radomaniolacurta (Küster, 1853) KC011814 - Falniowski et al. 2012
Sarajanaapfelbecki (Brancsik, 1888) MN031432 MN031438 Hofman et al. 2019
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Abbreviations

GNHMGoulandris Natural History Museum, Athens, Greece;

HNHMHungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary;

JG privat collection of Jozef Grego;

ZMUJZoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland;

ZPE privat collection of Zoltán Péter Erőss.

Results and discussion

Systematics

Family Hydrobiidae Stimpson, 1865

Genus. Daphniola

Radoman, 1973

3E438A98-2AF9-5A6D-A77D-249D304DA297

Notes.

Radoman (1973) described this genus with its type species D.graeca Radoman, 1973, from the Daphne Spring in the valley of Tembe, North of Larissa. Schütt (1980) considered D.graeca a junior synonym of Valvataexigua Schmidt, 1856, described from “Greece”. Schütt (1980) designated a neotype from a group of small springs at Agia Paraskevi railway station, situated closely to the Daphne Spring, also in the valley of Tembe in Thessalia, but certainly not close to Thessaloniki as Kabat and Hershler (1993) state. Falniowski and Szarowska (2000) described Daphniolalouisi from a small spring at the monastery at Kessariani, Athens, Attica. The description was not considered by Bodon et al. (2001), who followed either Schütt (1980) in synonymizing D.graeca with D.exigua, or Reischütz and Sattmann (1993) in including Valvata (Cincinna) hellenica Westerlund, 1898 in Daphniolaexigua, thus rendering the genus Daphniola monotypic. Falniowski et al. (2007), applying soft-part morphology and anatomy as well as molecular markers, demonstrated the species distinctness of D.louisi, and identity of D.exigua with D.graeca. Gittenberger (1982) described Horatiahadei, a new species of Horatia he found 5 km SW of Yíthion (Gythion), southern Peloponnese. Later, Falniowski and Szarowska (2011a) collected this gastropod close to the (probably) destroyed type locality, and both, morphology and molecular data confirmed its classification within the genus Daphniola. Radea (2011) described D.eptalophos Radea, 2011 from the Parnassos Mountains. However, considering morphology, it is certainly not Daphniola especially in the intensively pigmented and massive penis. Its type locality is close (or rather the same) to the type locality of Graecoarganiellaparnassiana Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011. Thus “Daphniolaetalophos” is most probably a synonym of Graecoarganiellaparnassiana, and clearly belongs to Graecoarganiella rather than Daphniola. Szarowska et al. (2014) found a few juvenile specimens (used for DNA sequencing) of Daphniola sp. on each of the two Aegean islands: Rhodos and Khios. Falniowski and Sarbu (2015) described D.magdalenae Falniowski, 2015 from the sulphide Melissotripa Cave in Thessalia. Finally, Radea et al. (2021) described D.dione Radea, Lampri, Bakolitsas & Parmakelis, 2021 from the Levkas Island (Ionian Sea), using morphology and molecular data. At two localities in North Peloponnese (1 and 2) we found another Daphniola taxon, whose morphology and COI sequences do not comply with any known Daphniola species.

Daphniola longipenia

Grego & Falniowski sp. nov.

9221FF57-AE8E-5CFF-9CE9-EFAD5DF8FD3C

http://zoobank.org/EE503BD0-65ED-4D53-AA37-ED75AB9448DA

Types.

Ethanol-fixed specimens, Panagitsa, large spring, Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece, 37°46'21"N, 22°13'19"E (Fig. 2), altitude 500 m, sieved from sand at the spring head; 26.09.2009; Z.P. Eröss, Z. Fehér, T. Fehér, J. Grego and A. Hunyadi coll., holotype: ZMUJ-M.2137; paratypes: ZMUJ-M.2138-ZMUJ-M.2139, two paratypes; HNHM-105279, 10 wet and 25 dry paratypes, GNHM 39591, 10 paratypes, ZPE 25 dry paratypes, JG F1198, 11 wet and 72 dry paratypes.

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

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Type locality of Daphniolalongipenia sp. nov. Panagitsa, Arcadia, Peloponnese A spring reservoir B spring head.

GenBank numbers.

MZ093460–MZ093464; MZ265368–MZ265372

Diagnosis.

Shell minute, valvatiform-trochiform, soft parts slightly pigmented, penis with extremely long and slender filament and small non-glandular outgrowth (lobe) on the left side. Readily distinguished from D.exigua, D.louisi, D.magdalenae and D.dione by the proportionally much lower spire of the shell, and the penis with a narrower base and a longer and thinner filament. Differentiated from the geographically (but not molecularly) most close D.hadei by the shell with usually lower spire, and the penis with smaller outgrowth and still longer and thinner filament.

Description.

Shell (Fig. 3A–E) valvatiform-trochiform, up to 1.00 mm tall, having 3.5 whorls, spire height 10–12% height of shell. Apex flat. Teleoconch whorls moderately convex, evenly rounded, growing rapidly in diameter. Aperture slightly elliptical, parietal lip complete, umbilicus very broad, outer lip simple, orthocline. Teleoconch with delicate growth lines, periostracum pinkish or yellowish. Shell parameters for holotype and a series of paratypes are given in Table 3. Inner and outer sides of operculum smooth. Operculum pinkish. Animal brownish, with some spots of black pigment.

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

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Shells of gastropods: D.longipeniaA–D locality 2 (holotype, 2A32, 2B26, 2B27) E locality 1 (2A29); DaphniolahadeiF locality 3 (2A27) G locality 4 (2B19) H locality 5 (2B20) ID.louisi, locality 6 (2A33) J–KGraecoarganiellaparnassiana, locality 7 (2A28, 2B23) L–OIsimeropeL locality 8 (2A30) M locality 9 (2A31) N locality 10 (2B21) O locality 11 (2A22) P cf. Islamia sp., locality 12 (2A34). Scale bar: 1 mm.

Table 3.

Shell measurements of Daphniolalongipenia; specimen symbols as in Figure 3; measured variables: see Figure 6.

a b c d e a
A – holotype 0.87 0.75 0.60 0.12 0.54 121
B – 2A32 0.88 0.82 0.66 0.10 0.57 127
C – 2B26 0.84 0.72 0.60 0.12 0.48 120
D – 2B27 1.00 0.82 0.66 0.14 0.57 121
E – 2A29 0.74 0.68 0.57 0.10 0.53 127
M 0.866 0.758 0.618 0.116 0.538 123.200
SD 0.093 0.062 0.040 0.017 0.037 3.493
MIN 0.74 0.68 0.57 0.10 0.48 120
MAX 1.00 0.82 0.66 0.14 0.57 127
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Female reproductive organs (Fig. 4) with a broad loop of the oviduct, a big bursa copulatrix with a long duct, and two moderately small receptacula seminis. Penis (Fig. 5) extremely long and narrow, simple, with an almost vestigial outgrowth proximally on its left edge, and a prominent sharp-terminated filament, vas deferens not visible inside.

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

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Pallial and renal section of female reproductive organs of Daphniolalongipenia [bc – bursa copulatrix, cbc – duct of bursa, ga – albuminoid gland, gn – nidamental gland, gp – gonoporus, ov – oviduct, ovl – loop of (renal) oviduct, rs – seminal receptacles (in black) rs1 and rs2 (as defined by Radoman 1973, 1983): rs1 – distal, rs2 – proximal]. Scale bar: 250 μm.

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

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Penis of Daphniolalongipenia, bar equals 200 μm.

Derivatio nominis.

The specific epithet longipenia refers to the extremely long filament of the penis.

Distribution and habitat.

Apart from the type locality (our locality 2), this species was also found in the spring at the W edge of Katarraktis, Achaia, Peloponnese (our locality 1).

Remarks.

Westerlund (1898) described Valvata (Cincinna) hellenica Westerlund, 1898, from “Vyteria in Arkadien”. Reischütz and Reischütz (2004) identified Westerlund’s “Vyteria” as Vitina, situated about 15 km from Panagitsa. They reported Hauffeniahellenica (Westerlund, 1898) also from Panagitsa spring. Our D.longipenia is most probably the gastropod reported by them. However, their identification of “Vyteria” as Vitina remains doubtful. The shell of the lectotype of Valvatahellenica presented by Reischütz and Sattmann (1993) looks different (Fig. 6) (enormously high and massive body whorl, another size and outline of the aperture). Valvatahellenica was reported several times from localities scattered throughout Greece, often in generic combination with Hauffenia or Daphniola. It can be assumed that these records report more than one species; or it was mentioned as a younger synonym under Daphniolaexigua (e.g., Bodon et al. 2001). Summarising, the description of a new species is the most appropriate solution.

Figure 6.

Figure 6.

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A shell of lectotype of Valvatahellenica presented by Reischütz and Sattmann (1993)B shell measurements: a – shell height, b – body whorl breadth, c – aperture height, d – spire height, e – aperture breadth, α – apex angle.

In our trees (Figs 7, 8), D.longipenia is clearly distinct from all the other species of Daphniola and forms a distinct sister clade opposite to the remaining currently known Daphniola species. The high genetic distance (p-distance 0.106) can be found between D.longipenia and D.hadei (p-distance 0.106), whose localities are most close, and who share the most similar shell morphology, female reproductive organs and penis). In general, the genetic distances between D.longipenia and the other Daphniola varies from 0.097 (for D.exigua) to 0.141 (for D.magdalenae) (Table 4).

Figure 7.

Figure 7.

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Phylogenetic tree for COI showing relationships between the studied snails. Bootstrap supports (>60%) and Bayesian probabilities are given.

Figure 8.

Figure 8.

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Phylogenetic tree inferred from connected COI and H3 sequences. Bootstrap supports (>60%) and Bayesian probabilities are given.

Table 4.

P-distances for COI between main clades of the Daphniola.

D.longipenia D.hadei D.dione D.exiqua D.magdalenae
D.longipenia –
D.hadei 0.105 –
D.dione 0.088 0.080 –
D.exiqua 0.097 0.092 0.087 –
D.magdalenae 0.141 0.153 0.133 0.154 –
D.louisi 0.121 0.103 0.097 0.110 0.122
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Daphniola hadei

(Gittenberger, 1982)

931FDF52-F105-51A3-9953-61EAB63A3050

GenBank numbers.

MZ093457–MZ093459; MZ265365–MZ265367

Notes.

At the localities 3, 4 and 5 (Fig. 1, Table 1) gastropods were collected, whose shells (Fig. 3F–H), soft parts morphology and anatomy, clearly identified them as belonging to this species. Their molecular data (Figs 7, 8) were identical or nearly identical with the ones published in the GenBank. Their localities are situated somewhat north of the type locality.

Daphniola louisi

Falniowski & Szarowska, 2000

3C2EA04D-B370-5CCE-83A6-A81AEEC00C9D

GenBank numbers.

MZ093456, MZ265364

Notes.

The shell morphology (Fig. 3I), soft-part anatomy and molecular data (Figs 7, 8) of the gastropods collected at locality 6 (Fig. 1, Table 1), all showed that they belonged to this species. It has to be noted that the molecular variability in this species (p-distance 0.044) (Fig. 7) is much larger than in D.hadei (p-distance 0.013). The new record of D.louisi, located on Evvoia Island, considerably expands the range of the species, which so far was only known from Attica. The close phylogenetic relationship with the two juvenile Daphniola specimens collected on the Aegean islands, Rhodos and Khios, now combined with the present record from Evvoia, seems to confirm the ideas about the means of dispersal of Daphniola from continental Greece to the Aegean islands (Szarowska et al. 2014).

Genus Graecoarganiella Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011

Graecoarganiella parnassiana

Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011

F4D207B6-180A-5172-8A8B-CC8B911E24F6

GenBank numbers.
Notes.

Falniowski and Szarowska (2011b) described a new, so far monotypic, genus of Hydrobiidae from Greece, Parnassus Mountains, S of Eptalofos, N of Kalania, found in a cistern and a small spring in a grassy pasture on a mountain pass. The type species, G.parnassiana Falniowski & Szarowska, 2011, is so far known only from the type locality. At the locality 7 (Fig. 1, Table 1), mouth of Erkinas Gorge, Kria 2, Boeotia, Livadia, we found gastropods, whose shells (Fig. 3J–K), and soft-part morphology indicated they belonged to Graecoarganiella, and were practically identical to G.parnassiana. Anatomy was not studied since the material was scarce and not fixed well enough. Our locality 7 is not far (about 35 km) from the type locality of G.parnassiana. The molecular data – partial sequences of COI – of our population showed rather high distinctness (Fig. 7). However, as can be seen in the same phylogram, these differences (p-distance 0.038) are a little lower than the ones within Daphniolalouisi (0.044). Thus, inclusion of our new population in Graecoarganiellaparnassiana is seemingly justified.

Genus Isimerope Radea & Parmakelis, 2013

Isimerope semele

Radea & Parmakelis, 2013

E0994B43-FDC0-54EF-8712-CDC6661B4661

GenBank numbers.

MZ093450–MZ093453; MZ265358–MZ265361

Notes.

When describing Graecoarganiellaparnassiana from the Parnassus Mts., Falniowski and Szarowska (2011b) reported three young hydrobiid specimens found at Mainalo Mountain, Peloponnese, WSW of Piana, WNW of Tripolis, in a medium-sized spring and cistern. Their COI sequence was interpreted as indicating a distinct species congeneric with Graecoarganiellaparnassiana. Later, Radea et al. (2013) found other species at Megali Vrisi, Pharmakas Mt., and described it as a representative of a new monotypic genus Isimerope, with I.semele as the type species. In our tree (Fig. 7) Graecoarganiella and Isimerope are quite distinct (p-distance 0.096), but form a well-supported clade (bootstrap value of 100%, Bayesian probability 1.0). The shells are very similar, and the same holds true for the radulae. The lack of a ctenidium, and egg capsules laid in the umbilicus of the shell, might be considered as unique shared character states. The penes and female reproductive organs of the compared taxa do not differ more than could be expected by different season of collection or fixation technique.

At the four localities: 8, 9, 10 and 11 (Fig. 1, Table 1) we collected gastropods, whose shells (Fig. 3L–O), soft parts morphology (not well-fixed material reduced the possible examination) and molecular data (Fig. 7) showed them as belonging to Isimerope. Again, as in the case of Graecoarganiella, our specimens of Isimerope may represent distinct species, but as in Daphniola, the molecular differences may be considered as within- species level variation (p-distance 0.035).

Our molecular data clearly show the close relationship of Isimerope and Graecoarganiella, contradicting their classification to different subfamilies (Belgrandiinae de Stefani, 1877 and Horatiinae D. W. Taylor, 1966, respectively), as stated in WORMS (WoRMS Editorial Board 2021). Both more anatomical and molecular data, as well as a broad-scale revision of the systematics of the Truncatelloidea proposed by Bouchet et al. (2017) are badly needed.

cf. Islamia

sp.

040CA6AF-C00A-5F50-80A0-ACC897B1F34F

GenBank numbers.

MZ093465; MZ265373

Notes.

At the locality 12, in Mili, Argolis, in a spring below the power station, a gastropod was found (Fig. 3P), whose molecularly inferred phylogenetic position (Fig. 8) remains enigmatic. Its sister taxon is Islamia Radoman, 1973. The clade’s bootstrap support for two concatenated loci is 100%, strongly suggesting that both mOTUs belong to the same taxon, but the genetic distance between them seems too high (p-distance 0.135). The p-distances in COI were 0.109 and 0.138 between this taxon and Fissuria Boeters, 1981 and Alzoniella Giusti & Bodon, 1984, respectively, although the shell morphology still suggests an affiliation with Islamia. Anyway, with only one more shell and lack of molecular data on the other Greek Islamia species, a justified taxonomic decision has to be postponed until more, and better, preserved specimens are available.

Supplementary Material

XML Treatment for Daphniola
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment1.xml (22.7KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Daphniola longipenia
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment2.xml (37.3KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Daphniola hadei
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment3.xml (18.3KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Daphniola louisi
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment4.xml (20.7KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Graecoarganiella parnassiana
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment5.xml (21KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Isimerope semele
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment6.xml (26.1KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Islamia
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment7.xml (8.1KB, xml)

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank to András Hunyady (Budapest, Hungary) and Tamás Fehér (Budapest, Hungary) for the assistance during the 2018 field trip. The study was supported by a grant from the National Science Centre 2017/25/B/NZ8/01372 to Andrzej Falniowski.

Citation

Hofman S, Grego J, Fehér Z, Erőss Z-P, Rysiewska A, Osikowski A, Falniowski A (2021) New data on the valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from southern Greece. ZooKeys 1062: 31–47. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.64746

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Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

XML Treatment for Daphniola
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment1.xml (22.7KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Daphniola longipenia
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment2.xml (37.3KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Daphniola hadei
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment3.xml (18.3KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Daphniola louisi
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment4.xml (20.7KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Graecoarganiella parnassiana
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment5.xml (21KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Isimerope semele
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment6.xml (26.1KB, xml)
XML Treatment for Islamia
zookeys.1062.64746-treatment7.xml (8.1KB, xml)

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