Table 1.
Selected prevalence studies of lean and non-obese NAFLD in adult populations.
| Study, Year | Country | Population | Sample Size | Non-Obese NAFLD * Prevalence (% of Population) |
Lean NAFLD ** Prevalence (% of Population) |
Mode of Diagnosis | Overall NAFLD Prevalence (in Population) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kwon et al., 2012 [10] | Korea | Hospital-based | 29,994 | 12.6% | - | USG | 20.1% |
| Younossi et al., 2012 [7] | USA | NHANES III database (1988–1991) |
11,613 | - | 3.7% | USG | 18.8% |
| Sinn et al., 2012 [9] | Korea | Non-obese population | 5878 | 27.4% | 16% | USG | - |
| Xu et al., 2013 [12] | China | Non-obese population | 6905 | 7.27% | - | USG | - |
| Feng et al., 2014 [13] | China | Annual health check-ups | 1779 | - | 7.5% | USG | 50.5% |
| Nishioji et al., 2015 [15] | Japan | Health check-ups | 3271 | 12.6% | - | USG | 24.6% |
| Wei et al., 2015 [14] | Hong Kong | Urban general population | 911 | 14.8% | - | 1H-MRS | 28.8% |
| Ye et al., 2020 [17] | Global | Global | 10,530,308 | 12.1% | 5.1% | Mainly USG | - |
| Zou et al., 2020 [19] | USA | General population | 14,365 | 9.6% | 1.3% | USG/fatty liver index | 32.3% |
| Lu et al., 2020 [20] | Global | Global | 205,307 | - | 4.1% | Mainly USG | - |
| Kim et al., 2021 [11] | Korea | General, KNHANES (2008–2010) | 4786 | - | 11% | Comprehensive NAFLD score | 37.5% |
| Shi et al., 2020 [18] | China | Lean/non-obese | 55,936 | 15.7% | 10.2% | Mainly USG | - |
* Non-obese is defined as <25 kg/m2 in Asians and <30 kg/m2 in Caucasians. ** Lean is defined as BMI < 23 kg/m2 in Asian populations and <25 kg/m2 in Caucasians. KNHANES: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 1H-MRS: proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NHANES III: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; USG: ultrasonography.