Fig. 1.

Motility, biofilm formation and Transmission electron microscopy of R20291 derivatives. a) The three derivatives of C. difficile R20291 were assessed for their motility characteristics using a swarming motility assay. Motility is represented by the distance travelled from the initial inoculum to the outermost edge of the ensuing halo following 48 h incubation. b) The three R20291 derivatives were assessed for their propensity to form biofilms by means of a biofilm assay. Biofilm production is represented by the enumeration of crystal violet dye extracted from 120 h broth cultures. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistical significance according to One-way ANOVA followed by the Dunnet's multiple comparison test. P = ∗∗<0.01; P-∗∗∗<0.001. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of c) CRG0825; d) CRG2091; e) CRG3661.