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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 29.
Published in final edited form as: Headache. 2021 Jun 29;61(6):872–881. doi: 10.1111/head.14129

Table 1.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients

Variable Sample (N=1601)

Age, Mean (SD)
 Age 42.8 (14.1)
Gender, %
 Female 1498/1591 (94.2%)
 Male 93/1591 (5.8%)
Education, %
 Some College or Lower 472/1053 (44.8%)
 Bachelor Degree or Higher 581/1053 (55.2%)
Relationship Status, %
 Divorced/Separated/Widowed/Never Married 387/1054 (36.7%)
 Living Together/Married 667/1054 (63.3%)
Adverse Life Experience, %
 Experience of upheaval prior to age 17 329/1002 (32.8%)
 Experience of upheaval after age 17 134/ 315 (42.5%)
 Neglected as a child 150/1013 (14.8%)
Pain and Psychosocial Measure, Mean (SD)
 Pain Intensity - Average 5.4 (2.1)
 Pain Intensity - Worst 7.5 (2.0)
 Pain Catastrophizing Scale 23.2 (12.2)
 PROMIS Anger 50.7 (10.0)
 PROMIS Social Isolation 48.3 (9.3)
 PROMIS Anxiety 56.4 (9.3)
 PROMIS Depression 54.6 (9.6)
 PROMIS Fatigue 61.0 (9.2)
 PROMIS Pain Behavior 59.1 (4.5)
 PROMIS Pain Interference 64.2 (7.0)
 PROMIS Physical Function 40.1 (8.7)
 PROMIS Satisfaction Role 43.7 (9.5)
 PROMIS Sleep Disturbance 56.6 (9.4)
Health Care Utilization, Median (25th, 75th)
 Physician Visit 4.0 (2.0, 6.0)
 Emergency Visit 0.0 (0.0, 1.0)
 Hospital Overnight 0.0 (0.0, 0.0)

Abbreviations: PROMIS, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; SD, Standard Deviation; CI, Confidence Interval; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale.