Table 3:
Univariate and age-sex adjusted associations with overall mortality among 499 T. cruzi seropositive participants.
| Variable* | Alive (n= 467) |
Died (n= 32) |
Unadjusted | Adjusted for age and sex | Adjusted for age, sex, antibody†, and cardiomyopathy |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||||
| Sex | Female | 225 (48.2) | 13 (40.6) | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Male | 242 (51.8) | 19 (59.4) | 1.35 (0.67-2.74) | 0.399 | 1.53 (0.75 -3.11) | 0.242 | 1.57 (0.72 - 3.39) | 0.250 | |
| Age, years | 47 (40-56) | 56 (44-64) | 1.05 (1.02-1.09) | 0.005 | 1.05 (1.02 -1.09) | 0.004 | 1.05 (1.01- 1.09) | 0.009 | |
| <40 | 122 (26.1) | 5 (15.6) | Reference | Reference | |||||
| 40-49 | 142 (30.4) | 8 (25.0) | 1.36 (0.44-4.14) | 0.594 | NA | ||||
| 50-59 | 135 (28.9) | 7 (21.9) | 1.25 (0.39-3.94) | 0.703 | |||||
| ≥60 | 68 (14.6) | 12 (37.5) | 4.08 (1.44-11.59) | 0.008 | |||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | <24.9 | 159 (34.0) | 13 (40.6) | Reference | Reference | ||||
| 25-29.9 | 218 (46.7) | 15 (46.9) | 0.81 (0.39-1.71) | 0.586 | 0.77 (0.37-1.63) | 0.498 | |||
| ≥30 | 90 (19.3) | 4 (12.5) | 0.53 (0.17-1.64) | 0.273 | 0.59 (0.19-1.82) | 0.354 | |||
| Benznidazole use | 46 (9.9) | 3 (9.4) | 0.90 (0.28-3.04) | 0.899 | 1.11 (0.34-3.65) | 0.868 | |||
| Diabetes | 25 (5.4) | 2 (6.3) | 1.09 (0.26-4.55) | 0.908 | 0.85 (0.20-3.62) | 0.828 | |||
| Hypertension | 106 (22.7) | 7 (21.9) | 1.21 (0.52-.80) | 0.655 | 0.79 (0.33-1.88) | 0.587 | |||
| NYHA FC | I | 424 (90.8) | 26 (81.3) | Reference | Reference | ||||
| II | 28 (6) | 6 (18.8) | 2.18 (1.02-4.66) | 0.045 | 2.34 (1.06-5.18) | 0.035 | |||
| Smoking | Never | 272 (58.2) | 11 (34.4) | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Past | 144 (30.8) | 17 (53.1) | 2.78 (1.30-5.94) | 0.008 | 2.17 (0.98-4.80) | 0.055 | |||
| Current | 51 (10.9) | 4 (12.5) | 1.89 (0.60-5.94) | 0.275 | 1.84 (0.57-5.97) | 0.308 | |||
| T. cruzi DNA detected by PCR‡ | |||||||||
| Negative | 215 (96.4) | 8 (3.6) | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Positive | 246 (91.1) | 24 (8.9) | 2.56 (1.15-5.70) | 0.021 | 2.38 (1.07-5.31) | 0.035 | NA | ||
| Antibody against T. cruzi | |||||||||
| EIA (S/C) | 6.3 (5.2-6.9) | 6.9 (5.8-7.3) | 1.45 (1.07-1.97) | 0.017 | 1.48 (1.08-2.02) | 0.015 | 1.40 (1.01-1.95) | 0.047 | |
| Antibody EIA quartiles | 1st | 116 (24.8) | 6 (18.8) | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| 2nd | 125 (26.7) | 4 (12.5) | 0.63 (0.18-2.21) | 0.467 | 0.54 (0.15-1.94) | 0.348 | 0.55 (0.15-1.99) | 0.363 | |
| 3rd | 118 (25.2) | 8 (25.0) | 1.29 (0.45-3.72) | 0.638 | 1.26 (0.44-3.65) | 0.667 | 1.19 (0.40-3.54) | 0.750 | |
| 4th | 108 (23.3) | 14 (43.8) | 2.39 (0.92-6.21) | 0.075 | 2.44 (0.93-6.42) | 0.070 | 2.06 (0.74-5.73) | 0.165 | |
| Cardiomyopathy at baseline visit | |||||||||
| No | 370 (79.2) | 15 (46.9) | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Yes | 97 (20.8) | 17 (53.1) | 4.07 (2.03-8.15) | <0.001 | 3.73 (1.83-7.57) | <0.001 | 3.01 (1.45- 6.21) | 0.003 | |
*
Data are expressed as the absolute numbers (percentage) or median (interquartile range-IQR)
†:
Continuous or stratified as quartiles.
‡:
PCR was not included simultaneously with antibody in the multivariable model.
CM: Cardiomyopathy; FC: functional class; S/C: absorbance/cut off