Table 1. Clinical characteristics of cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after BNT162b2 vaccination.
Abbreviations: APX, apixaban; Blt, bilateral; CCMs, cerebral cavernous malformations; CLP, clopidogrel; CV, cortical veins; CVI, cerebral venous infarction; DE, dabigatran etexilate, DM, diabetes mellitus; HL, hyperlipidemia; HT, hypertension; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; IDA, iron deficiency anemia; JP, Japan; JV, jugular vein; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; Lt, left; MYS, Malaysia; N.E., not examined; PF4 Ab, anti-platelet factor 4 antibody, PLT, platelet; POR, Portugal; Ref, reference; Rt, right; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; SIN, Singapore; SS, sigmoid sinus; SSS, superior sagittal sinus; TS, transverse sinus, UFH, unfractionated heparin; WF, warfarin
| Ref. | Age (years), sex, country | Comorbidities | Symptoms | Days from vaccination to onset | Site of thrombosis | Parenchymal lesions | Laboratory findings | Treatment | Outcome | ||||
| CVI | ICH | SAH | PLT (/µL) | PF4 Ab | D-dimer (μg/mL) | ||||||||
| [7] | 49, M, MYS | Coronary heart disease | Headache, giddiness | 16 (1st dose) (worsened by 2nd dose) | SSS, Lt. TS, Lt. SS, Lt. JV | - | - | - | 302,000 | N.E. | 0.2 | LMWH, CLP, APX | Full recovery |
| [8] | 47, F, POR | IDA, adenomyosis, use of oral contraceptives | Headache, hemiparesis, papilledema, nausea, etc. | 6 (1st dose) | SSS, Rt. TS, Blt. SS, Rt. JV | + | - | + | 343,000 | Negative | N.E. | LMWH, WF | Gait disturbance remained |
| [8] | 67, F, POR | CCMs, probable renal cell carcinoma, etc. | Headache, hemiparesis, consciousness disturbance | 3 (2nd dose) | CV, SSS, Rt. TS, Rt. SS, Rt. JV | - | - | - | 164,000 | Negative | N.E. | LMWH, DE | Full recovery |
| [9] | 54, M, SIN | HL | Headache, hemiparesis | 1 (2nd dose) | Rt. TS, Rt. SS Rt. JV | - | + | - | 300,000 | Negative | N.E. | UFH, LMWH, WF | Left hemiparesis remained |
| [9] | 62, F, SIN | HT | Headache, vomiting, behavioral changes | 9 (2nd dose) | Rt. TS, Rt. SS Rt. JV | - | + | + | 383,000 | N.E. | N.E. | UFH, LMWH, WF | Left hemiparesis remained |
| [9] | 60, M, SIN | DM, HT, HL | Giddiness, vomiting, ataxic hemiparesis | 8 (2nd dose) | CV, Rt. TS, Rt. SS, Rt. JV | + | + | + | 346,000 | N.E. | N.E. | LMWH, WF | Full recovery |
| Our case | 61, M, JP | Hyperuricemia | Headache | 10 (1st dose) | SSS, Rt. TS, Rt. SS | - | - | - | 163,000 | Negative | 3.7 | UFH, WF | Full recovery |