Table 5.
MERS CoV, Saudi Arabia, 2014-2019: Final multivariate cox proportional hazard models for ventilation and death among 501 confirmed cases.a
| Outcome | Independent variables | Adjusted hazard ratio | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ventilation | ||||
| Unknown transmission link | 2.09 | (0.91-4.77) | 0.08 | |
| Chest X-ray positive | 2.58 | (1.11-5.99) | 0.03 | |
| Microbiology positive | 2.18 | (1.07-4.42) | 0.03 | |
| Blood culture positive | 3.21 | (1.57-6.57) | 0.001 | |
| MERS CoV PCR cycle threshold value < 30 b | 2.85 | (1.45-5.60) | 0.002 | |
| Elevated creatinine | 1.87 | (1.02-3.42) | 0.04 | |
| Elevated prothrombin time | 2.85 | (1.56-5.22) | 0.001 | |
| Death | ||||
| Age >60 years | 2.37 | (1.23-4.59) | 0.01 | |
| Dyspnea | 2.48 | (1.26-4.91) | 0.009 | |
| Hemoglobin below normal | 2.74 | (1.39-5.42) | 0.004 | |
| Chest X-ray positive | 3.74 | (1.44-9.69) | 0.01 | |
| Microbiology positive | 4.47 | (2.16-9.27) | <0.001 | |
| Elevated alanine aminotransferase | 2.85 | (1.09-7.44) | 0.03 |
a
The first multivariate models for each outcome included all variables with p<=0.05 in the single variable models in Table 3. After removing non-significant variables from the first and second multivariable models (not shown), the independent variables in the final models here were adjusted for each other.
b
The PCR cycle threshold (CT) value is the number of cycles necessary to spot the virus. A lower threshold indicates high viral count.