Table 2.

Water age impacted the microbial and chemical parameters in the building water system (Fa and ERC) and the cooling towers. Sample collection dates are as follows: reservoir (RES_IN and RES_EF), July 15th, 23rd, 29th and August 6th, 13th, and 20th; influent, hot-, and cold-water in building Fa, August 12th, and September 3rd, and 16th; influent, hot-, and cold-water in building ERC, August 19th, and September 9th, and 23rd; cooling towers, July 25th, 31st, and August 7th, 14th, and 21st. Sample replicates were collected on different days. Water age in the table is presented as hours, and it is defined as the time from the wells to the influent pipe, the influent pipe to the effluent pipe, the effluent pipe to the influent pipe of buildings, and the cooling towers. The dashes (–) indicate the same time as each respective building influent. Water quality parameters for building influent and potable water samples (hot-, and cold-water) are presented individually.

Temperature (°C)	Total Chlorine (mg/L)	Free Chlorine (mg/L)	Turbidity NTU	pH	Conductivity (mS)	HPC (CFU/100 mL)	Water Age (h)
RES_IN (N = 6)
12.1	0	0	4.1	7.2	851	3.52 × 101	4.5
RES_EF (N = 6)
11.9	0.64	0.33	3.85	7.2	855	2.10 × 100	3.4
Building F Influent (N = 3)
26.8	0.41	0.35	8.4	7.3	897	8.57 × 104	9.2
Building Fa 1st Floor Cold; N = 3 (Hot Taps; N = 3)
26.7 (28.6)	0.16 (0.04)	0.14 (0.02)	3.06 (0.53)	7.2 (7.1)	867 (815)	1.02 × 104 (7.3 × 103)	–
Building Fa 2nd Floor Cold; N = 3 (Hot Taps; N = 3)
26.8 (28.8)	0.05 (0.02)	0.03 (0)	3.37 (0.67)	7.0 (6.9)	856 (822)	2.00 × 104 (3.15 × 103)	–
Building ERC Influent (N = 3)
31.5	0.31	0.20	12.5	7.4	883	4.32 × 105	20.8
Building ERC 1st Floor Cold (N = 3) (Hot Taps; N = 3)
23.5 (24.5)	0.09 (0.04)	0.03 (0)	5.97 (6.27)	7.6 (7.5)	866 (847)	4.38 × 105 (6.80 × 105)	–
Cooling Towers (N = 6)
25.3	0.49	0.08	1.94	8.2	2564	2.35 × 107	23.2