A, Percentage of courses with VL, p chart. B, Percentage of courses with paralytic, p chart. A course is defined as 1 method for intubation, including device, approach, and premedication. If device, approach, or premedication were changed during an encounter, this would be a new course within the same encounter. CL, center line; LCL, lower control limit; QR, quick response; UCL, upper control limit.