Figure 3.

Effect of chronic unpredictable stress on cardiac function in CUS rats. (A–B) represents the average ECG pattern of a sample control and CUS rat, respectively. CUS rat has significantly altered R amplitude, T amplitude with elevated ST segment compared to control. (C) represents the effect of CUS on various ECG parameters. ECG analysis revealed significantly elevated heart rate (HR), R Amplitude T Amplitude along with decreased RR interval, P duration and QRS interval in CUS rats. (D) represents the effect of chronic stress on various HRV indices. HRV analysis by LabChart revealed that chronic stress resulted in reduced HF, RMSSD, SD1, indicating dominance of SNS and diminished vagal tone. All parameters were compared between the CUS and control groups using unpaired t-test (∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001).