Table 2.

Interference with PC progression via application of siRNAs.

In Vitro/In Vivo	Cell Line/Animal Model	SiRNA	Outcomes	Refs
In vitro In vivo	PANC-1 and Sw1990 cell lines Xenograft nude mice	NUF2	Cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase Down-regulation of Cdc2, Cyclin B1 and Cdc25A Suppressing carcinogenesis	[101]
In vitro	AsPC-1, SUIT-2, and Panc-1 cells	Survivin	Reducing promoter activity and mRNA expression of survivin Inducing caspase-3 expression and DNA fragmentation Enhancing radiosensitivity	[208]
In vitro	SW1990 and Capan-2 cells	RAP80	Down-regulating Bcl-2 and up-regulating Bax Inducing apoptotic cell death Increasing TRAIL-mediated apoptosis Promoting GEM sensitivity	[109]
In vitro	Panc-1 and BxPC3 cells	Survivin	Decreasing mRNA and protein levels of survivin Suppressing cell proliferation Triggering cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase	[209]
In vitro	BxPC3 cells	S100A4	Reducing gene expression by 17% Down-regulating MMP-2 Enhancing levels of E-cadherin and TSP-1 Suppressing cancer invasion and metastasis	[210]
In vitro	PANC-1, MIA-PaCa-2 and ASPC-1 cells	TrKA	TrKA down-regulation is associated with GEM sensitivity Inducing apoptotic cell death Inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway	[211]
In vitro	BxPC3 cells	hTERT	Apoptosis stimulation Cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase Enhancing GEM sensitivity	[188]
In vitro	MiaPaCa2 cells	HIF-1α	Interfering with cancer proliferation Apoptosis induction Disrupting cancer growth under hypoxic conditions	[113]
In vitro	PaTu8988 cells	DNMT1	Apoptosis induction and inhibiting tumor growth by cell cycle arrest (S phase) DNMT1 down-regulation and subsequent activation of hMLH1 as a tumor-suppressor factor	[115]
In vitro	PANC-1 cells	RRM2	Exerting synergistic effect with doxorubicin and enhancing cytotoxicity against cancer cells by 4-fold	[186]
In vitro	MiaPaCa-2 cells	K-Ras	Down-regulating K-Ras expression Triggering apoptosis	[212]
In vitro	SW1990 cells	SnoN	Down-regulating SnoN expression and reducing cancer cell proliferation Apoptosis induction	[121]
In vitro	SW1990 and BxPC-3 cells	hnRNP A2/B1	Stimulating apoptosis via Bcl-2 down-regulation and Bax up-regulation Mediating TRAIL-induced apoptosis P-glycoprotein down-regulation Suppressing cancer metastasis via enhancing E-cadherin levels	[201]
In vitro In vivo	Capan-2 cells Nude mice	COX-2	Cell cycle arrestApoptosis induction Decreasing cancer cell proliferation	[155]
In vitro	PaTu8988 cells	HDAC-1	Disrupting cancer growth and survival Inducing cell cycle arrest (S phase) and apoptosis Enhancing Bax and p21 expressions	[139]
In vitro In vivo	PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells	RPL21	Cell cycle arrest at G1 phase Apoptosis induction via mitochondrial pathway Caspase-8 activation	[127]