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Effects of No.7 and No.18 carbazole derivatives on PEDV replication were time-dependent. (a) Schematic representation of carbazole derivatives treatment time. (b,c) Vero-81 cells were incubated with PEDV (MOI = 0.1) for 1 h, followed by treatment with 40 µM No.7 (b) or No.18 (c) carbazole derivatives at the indicated time (hpi). The viral titer in cell supernatant was detected by TCID50, and calculated by the Reed–Muench method. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.
