Table 1.
Study population characteristics according to SSB consumption.
| Characteristics | Total Sample | SSB Consumption | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 Time/Week | 1 Time/Week | ≥2 Times/Week | |||
| n | 6387 | 2271 (35.6) | 1918 (30.0) | 2198 (34.4) | |
| Age (years) | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 8.4 ± 1.5 | 8.5 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 1.5 | <0.0001 |
| Sex | <0.0001 | ||||
| Boys | 3410 (53.4) | 1121 (49.4) | 1019 (53.1) | 1270 (57.8) | |
| Girls | 2977 (46.6) | 1150 (50.6) | 899 (46.9) | 928 (42.2) | |
| Siblings | 0.090 | ||||
| 0 | 2701 (42.4) | 922 (40.8) | 814 (42.5) | 965 (44.0) | |
| ≥1 | 3666 (57.6) | 1338 (59.2) | 1102 (57.5) | 1226 (56.0) | |
| Monthly household income | 0.053 | ||||
| <5000 RMB | 848 (13.3) | 298 (13.2) | 259 (13.6) | 291 (13.3) | |
| 5000–7999 RMB | 1366 (21.5) | 478 (21.1) | 410 (21.4) | 478 (21.8) | |
| 8000–11,999 RMB | 1299 (20.4) | 428 (18.9) | 385 (21.0) | 486 (22.2) | |
| ≥12,000 RMB | 2250 (35.3) | 813 (36.0) | 700 (36.5) | 737 (33.6) | |
| Refused to answer | 604 (9.5) | 243 (10.8) | 162 (8.5) | 199 (9.1) | |
| Parental education | 0.310 | ||||
| Below senior high school | 181 (2.8) | 60 (2.7) | 57 (3.0) | 64 (2.9) | |
| Senior high school | 659 (10.4) | 228 (10.1) | 179 (9.3) | 252 (11.5) | |
| College | 1164 (18.3) | 405 (17.9) | 369 (19.3) | 390 (17.8) | |
| University or above | 4363 (68.5) | 1567 (69.3) | 1311 (68.4) | 1485 (67.8) | |
| Parental smoking status | <0.0001 | ||||
| Never smokers | 3716 (58.4) | 1423 (38.3) | 1116 (30.0) | 1177 (31.7) | |
| Former smokers | 749 (11.8) | 233 (31.1) | 224 (29.9) | 292 (39.0) | |
| Current smokers | 1902 (29.9) | 604 (31.8) | 576 (30.3) | 722 (38.0) | |
| Outdoor exercise | 0.975 | ||||
| <1 h/day | 2743 (43.1) | 965 (35.2) | 838 (30.6) | 940 (34.3) | |
| 1–1.9 h/day | 2807 (44.1) | 1001 (35.7) | 836 (29.8) | 970 (34.6) | |
| 2–4 h/day | 609 (9.6) | 215 (35.3) | 180 (29.6) | 214 (35.1) | |
| >4 h/day | 208 (3.3) | 144 (69.9) | 39 (18.9) | 23 (11.2) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 16.8 ± 3.0 | 16.6 ± 3.0 | 16.7 ± 2.9 | 17.1 ± 3.1 | <0.0001 |
| Fried food (times/week) | 0.8 ± 1.0 | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | <0.0001 |
| Fish or fish products (times/week) | 3.0 ± 2.1 | 2.9 ± 2.1 | 2.9 ± 2.0 | 3.1 ± 2.1 | 0.0001 |
| Milk, or dairy-products (times/week) | 6.5 ± 3.3 | 6.5 ± 7.0 | 6.3 ± 3.3 | 6.6 ± 3.2 | 0.014 |
Note: Descriptive statistics are presented as mean (standard deviation) and number (percentage) for continuous and categorical. variables, respectively. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverages.