Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome has become a global pandemic that affected billions of people around the world. Clinical studies showed patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases will have higher risk of mortality and poor clinical outcome. Therefore, our study's aim is to describe the characteristics and outcome among Covid-19 patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases or patients who developed cardiovascular complications.
Method
This is an observational study and data collected from 9th October 2020 till 11th June 2021. Inclusion criteria include all confirmed (confirmed with RT-PCR) COVID-19 that required hospitalisation in Hospital Queen Elizabeth (HQE) and HQEII or any patients referred to cardiology team.
Result
Total of 53 Covid-19 patients recruited with mean age of 54.75y.o and 69.6% (n = 32) were male. There were 43.5% (n = 20) COVID-19 with pre-existing of cardiovascular disease, 23.9% (n = 11) hypertension, 13% (n = 5) chronic kidney disease, 8.7% (n = 4) diabetic mellitus, another 8.7% (n = 4) with history of CVA and 6.5% (n = 3) dyslipidaemia. There were 69.8% (n = 37) patient with covid-19 stage 3 and above. There are few complications that arise during the COVID-19 infection. These include heart failure 26.4% (n = 14), myocarditis 26.4% (n = 14), arrhythmia 13.2% (n = 7), acute myocardial infarction 11.3% (n = 6), pulmonary embolism 11.3% (n = 6) and pericarditis 1.9% (n = 1). A Total of 11.3% (n = 6) COVID-19 patients death. Four of these patients have pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Out of 6 mortality, 2 patients died due to acute coronary syndrome.
Conclusion
Our study showed, COVID-19 patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and multiple comorbidities will have higher mortality.