1Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, 028-3695 Japan
2Department of Endocrinology Hematology, and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
3Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
4Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
5Department of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba Japan
6Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
7Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
8Weight loss and Metabolic Surgery Center, Yotsuya Medical Cube, Tokyo, Japan
9Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
10Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
11Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
12Clinical Trial Center, Kyushu Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Fukuoka, Japan
13Global Oita Medical Advanced Research Center for Health, Oita University, Oita, Japan
14Department of Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba Japan
15Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
16Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
17Center of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan
18Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
19Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
20Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
21Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
22Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
23Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba, Japan