Skip to main content
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica logoLink to Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
. 1965 Mar 1;6(1):135–149. doi: 10.1186/BF03547073

The Mammary Blood Flow in the Cow as Measured by the Antipyrine Absorption Method

Die mammäre Durchblutung beim Rind gemessen mit Hilfe der Antipyrin-Ab sorptionsmethode

Den mammære blodgennemstrømning hos ko målt ved antipyrin absorptionsmetoden

Paul Lindberg 1,, Folke Rasmussen 1
PMCID: PMC8741084  PMID: 5848189

Abstract

After intramammary application of 3 g antipyrine dissolved in 30 ml distilled water into each quarter the absorption of antipyrine from the udder proceeds as a first order reaction. As the injected amount is known as well as the amount of antipyrine milked out about 1 hour later can be determined, it is possible to calculate the amount absorbed at any time between injection and emptying.

It is shown, that the concentrations of antipyrine in the blood from the jugular vein and external pudic artery are identical after intramammary application of antipyrine. In experiments on lateral recumbent cows it is shown that the venous blood returns from the udder via both the subcutaneous abdominal and the external pudic veins. In the standing cows blood samples were drawn from the jugular and the subcutaneous abdominal veins. The blood samples from the subcutaneous abdominal veins were drawn during manual compression of the external pudic veins to get representative concentrations of antipyrine in the total venous blood from the udder. On account of the amount of antipyrine absorbed and the difference in antipyrine concentrations between the subcutaneous abdominal veins and the jugular vein the mammary blood flow in lactating cows was found to vary between 22–101 ml/min. per 100 g gland tissue.

The possibility of calculating the mammary blood flow after injection in two glands only — while the two remaining glands might be used for other studies — is shown and discussed. The influence of the individual differences in the venous anastomoses on the results is discussed, and a procedure is described to select cows suitable for experiments on mammary blood flow.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.3 MB).

Footnotes

Supported by a grant from Statens almindelige Videnskabsfond

References

  1. Becker, R. B. & P. T. Dix Arnold: Circulatory system of the cows udder. Florida Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 1942, No. 379.
  2. Brodie B B, Axelrod J, Soberman R, Levy B B. The estimation of antipyrine in biological materials. J. biol. Chem. 1949;179:25–29. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Linzell, J. L.: The measurement of udder blood flow in the conscious goat. J. Physiol. 1957, 137, 75 P.
  4. Linzell, J. L.; Valvular incompetence in the venous drainage of the udder. J. Physiol. 1960 a, 153, 481–491. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed]
  5. Linzell, J. L.; Mammary gland blood flow and oxygen, glucose and volatile fatty acid uptake in the conscious goat. J. Physiol. 1960 b, 153, 492–509. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed]
  6. Rasmussen, Folke: Absorption of drugs from the mammary gland. 9th Nordic Veterinary Congress, 1962, Section G, No. 8, 695–699.
  7. Rasmussen Folke. The mammary blood flow in the goat as measured by antipyrine absorption. Acta vet. scand. 1963;4:271–280. doi: 10.1186/BF03547073. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Rasmussen Folke. Distribution of sulphonamides in the mammary gland of cows after intramammary and intravenous application. Acta vet. scand. 1964;5:347–361. [Google Scholar]
  9. Rasmussen, Folke: To be published 1965.
  10. Rasmussen Folke, Linzell J L. The accuracy of the indicator absorption method of measuring mammary blood flow by the Fick principle. Quart. J. exp. Physiol. 1964;49:219–225. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1964.sp001722. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Reynolds M. Use of nitrous oxide to measure mammary blood flow in anaesthetized lactating goats. Amer. J. Physiol. 1964;206:183–188. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.206.1.183. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Sweett, W. W. & C. A. Matthews: Some studies of the circulatory system of the cows udder. U.S.D.A. Tech. Bull. 1949, No. 982.
  13. Tindal J S. Blood flow in the isolated perfused bovine udder. Amer. J. Physiol. 1957;191:287–292. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1957.191.2.287. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ziegler, H. & W. Mosimann: Anatomie und Physiologie der Rindermilchdrüse. Paul Parey, Berlin 1960, pp. 20–29.

Articles from Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica are provided here courtesy of BMC

RESOURCES