Table 1.

Biological properties and effects of oleuropein.

Properties	Possible Mechanisms
Anti-Oxidation [12]	reactive oxygen species scavenging
	improved free radical stability
	increased catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase activity
	decreased malondialdehyde, advanced glycation endproducts
Anti-Inflammation [13]	decreased C-reactive protein, neutral factor-κB, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, adipocytokines, tumor necrosis factor
	lipooxygenase inhibition
Anti-Cancer [14]	inhibition of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell migration
	induction of apoptosis
	reactive oxygen species scavenging
	inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor, Bcl-2A pathways, protein kinases, neutral factor-κB, cyclinD1
	activation of Bax, Janus kinase
Cardiovascular Protection [15]	reduced oxidative stress
	increased nitric oxide formation
	lipid lowering and reduced lipid peroxidation
	reduced blood pressure
Metabolic Protection [12,15]	decreased obesity
	reduced blood glucose
	diabetes prevention
Neuroprotection [16]	reduction of oxidative stress
	stabilization of amyloid fibers
Hepatoprotection [17]	reduction of oxidative stress
	reduction of fat deposition