Table 2.
Mean measured exposure and standard deviation (sd) in different studies (BC in µg∙m−3, NO2 in ppb and PM in µg∙m−3).
| Study | BC | NO2 | PM1 | PM2.5 | PM10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This study | Spring mean (sd) | 1.04 (1.97) | 9 (10) | 5 (10) | 7 (16) | 8 (17) |
| Spring hourly max. | 7.49 | 45 | 311 | |||
| Autumn mean (sd) | 1.68 (1.52) | 9 (12) | 15 (18) | 22 (32) | 24 (36) | |
| Autumn hourly max. | 8.97 | 172 | 490 | |||
| Winter mean (sd) | 0.96 (1.59) | 6 (19) | 8 (19) | 13 (30) | 14 (34) | |
| Winter hourly max. | 11.27 | 39 | 392 | |||
| Other studies | [43] Delhi Win | 22.60 (14.90) | 484 (230) | |||
| [43] Delhi Sum | 3.71 (4.29) | 53,9 (136) | ||||
| [12] Stockholm Spr,Aut,Win | 2.07 (1.62) | |||||
| [24] Brisbane Spr,Aut,Win | 0.60 | |||||
| [31] Birmingham Sum,Aut | 1.30 (2.20) | 23 (50) | ||||
| [17] Oxford year | 15 | |||||
| [18] Southhampton year | 5 | |||||
| [46] Birmingham | 17 | 55 | ||||
| [42] Milan Spr,Aut,Win | 22–37 | 15–42 | ||||
| [45] Pekin Aut | 102.5 | |||||
| [15] Göteborg Aut,Win | 5 |
For the “other studies”, the season is specified when it is clearly part of the campaign design. Spr, Sum, Aut, and Win refer to spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively; year is used when the whole year was covered.