Table 1.

Lipid-based nanocarrier systems (liposome, lipoplex, cationic LNP (cLNP), and ionizable LNP (iLNP)) produced by microfluidics for drug and gene delivery.

Type of Nanocarrier	Nanocarrier Composition	Therapeutics	Microfluidic Device Type	Potential Application	Ref.
Liposome	PC and CHOL	Propofol	SHM *	Anesthesia	[68]
	PC, DMPC, DPPC, CHOL, PS, and DSPC	Insulin, BSA, or OVA	SHM *	-	[69]
	HSPC, CHOL, and DSPE-PEG2000	DOX	N/A *	Cancer: MDA-MB231cells and xenograft model bearing MDA-MB231tumor	[82]
	PC, DMPC, DPPC, and DSPC	Glipizide and metformin	SHM *	Diabetes	[83]
	DMPC, DPPC, and DSPC	Cisplatin and Curcumin	SHM *	Cancer: EMT6 and B16F10 cells/and xenograft model bearing EMT6 and B16F10 tumor	[84]
	DSPC, CHOL, and DSPE-PEG2000	DOX and UMB	5-Input Chip **	Cancer: MCF-7, MDA-MB231, and BT-473 cells	[85]
	DMPC, DSPE-PEG, and CHOL. Ligands: DSPE-PEG-TAT and DSPE-PEG-Folate	-	HFF device	Cancer: SKOV3 and MCF-7 cells and 3D tumor spheroids/and xenograft model bearing SKOV3 tumor	[86]
Lipoplexes	cationic lipid DOTAP, EPC, and DOPE	pEGFP-N1	HFF device	PC3 cells	[87,88]
	cationic lipid (DOTAP, DDA, DC-CHOL, DMTAP, DSTAP or DOBAQ), DOPE or DSPC, CHOL, and DMG-PEG2000	SAM encoding rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG)	Y-shape SHM *	Prophylactic vaccine:BHK cells and BALB/c mice	[72]
	cationic lipid DOTAP, DC-CHOL, DOPE, CHOL, and DOPE-PEG	pGL3	Y-shape SHM *	HEK-293, HaCaT, N/TERT, and CaSki cells	[89]
	pH-sensitive cationic lipid YSK05, chol, and PEG-DMG	siFVII	Baffle mixer device	ICR mice liver tissues: hepatocytes delivery and FVII gene-silencing activity.	[90]
iLNP and cLNP	Ionizable lipid MC3 or cationic lipids DOTAP and DDAB, HSPC or DSPC, CHOL, and DMG-PEG2000 or DSPE-PEG2000	PolyA, ssDNA or mFLuc	Y-shape SHM *	N/A	[70]
	Ionizable lipid (MC3, KC2, DODMA) or cationic lipid (DOBAQ, DOTMA, DOTAP), DSPC, DMG-PEG2k, and CHOL	mRNAs: mFLuc, mEGFP, and mCherry	N/A	Retinal degeneration: BALB/c mice	[91]
iLNP	Ionizable lipid (C12−200), DOPE or DSPC, CHOL, and lipid-PEG	siFVII or mLuc	SHM parallelized device	HeLa cells and C57BL/6 mice	[21]
	Ionizable lipids MC3 or KC2, DLinDAP or DLinDMA, CHOL, DOPE, DOPC, SOPC, DLinPC, DPoPC or DSPC, and DMG-PEG	pDNAs: pEGFP or pFLuc	T-junction mixer	HeLa, HepG2, Hep3B, PC12, and MCF7 cells (in vitro) and leghorn chicken embryos (in vivo)	[92]
	ATX ionizable amino lipids, CHOL, DSPC, and DMG-PEG	pWRG/c7d11	N/A*	Prophylactic Andes and Zika virus vaccine: Vero cells, rabbits, and nonhuman primates	[93]
	Ionizable lipid KC2, CHOL, DSPC, and DMG-PEG	mFLuc or mcDNA	T-junction mixer	N/A	[94]

* NanoAssemblr Benchtop ™ (Precision Nanosystems, Vancouver, BC, Canada). ** Automated Dolomite microfluidic system (Dolomite, Royston, UK).