Figure 3.

M2-EVs alleviated LPS-induced cellular inflammation. YAMC cells were treated with LPS to simulate the inflammatory environment of UC in vitro, and then treated with M2-EVs or GW4869-treated conditioned medium. a-b: Cell viability and apoptosis were measured using CCK-8 assay (a) and flow cytometry (b). c: Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA level were determined using RT-qPCR. d: The contents of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and IL-10) were determined using ELISA. The experiment was repeated 3 times independently. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Data in panels A/B were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and data in panels C/D were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, **p < 0.01