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. 2022 Feb 5;60(3):290–299. doi: 10.1007/s12275-022-1525-1

SARS-CoV-2-mediated evasion strategies for antiviral interferon pathways

Soo-Jin Oh 1, Ok Sarah Shin 1,✉
PMCID: PMC8817151  PMID: 35122601

Abstract

With global expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of new variants, extensive efforts have been made to develop highly effective antiviral drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. The interactions of coronaviruses with host antiviral interferon pathways ultimately determine successful viral replication and SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenesis. Innate immune receptors play an essential role in host defense against SARS-CoV-2 via the induction of IFN production and signaling. Here, we summarize the recent advances in innate immune sensing mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and various strategies by which SARS-CoV-2 antagonizes antiviral innate immune signaling pathways, with a particular focus on mechanisms utilized by multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins to evade interferon induction and signaling in host cell. Understanding the underlying immune evasion mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for the improvement of vaccines and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, interferon, immunity

Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2019R1A2C1005961), and Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI21C1252).

Footnotes

Conflict of Interest

The authors state no conflicts of interest.

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