Table 2. Increased protein meal intake predicted lowered caloric intake from the subsequent meal in multilevel lagged models.

Macronutrient meal content (protein, carbohydrates, and fat) were lagged such that the macronutrient content of the meal prior predicted the next meal’s caloric intake. Results from the multilevel models found a negative association, suggesting that prior meals with higher levels of protein intake predict that subsequent meals will be lower in kilocalories. There were no significant effects of carbohydrates and fat.

		Meal-to-Meal KCAL
	B	SE	95% CI	p
	−2.47
Age		0.87	−4.17, −0.77	0.0044
Male	117.05	32.19	53.86, 180.23	0.0003
Female	Ref
Black	−157.70	39.73	−235.67, −79.73	<.0001
Caucasian	−121.53	23.73	−168.10, −74.96	<.0001
Hispanic	−117.60	30.98	−178.41, −56.79	0.0002
Other	−128.96	29.24	−186.35, −71.57	<.0001
American Indian	Ref
Fat Free Mass Index	28.39	5.25	18.09, 38.68	<.0001
Fat Mass Index	−0.33	2.64	−5.51, 4.85	0.90
Protein Lag (g)	−1.67	0.59	−2.84, −0.51	0.0048
Carbohydrates Lag (g)	0.20	0.19	−0.18, 0.58	0.30
Fat Lag (g)	0.10	0.46	−0.80, 0.99	0.83

Bolded coefficients are statistically significant (p <.05)