Table 2.
Spending on immunisation by World Bank income group, GBD super-region, Gavi support status, and in 135 low-income and middle-income countries and territories
|
Health spending by source, 2017 |
Fraction of total immunisation spending, 2017 |
AROC, 2000–17 |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total immunisation spending per surviving infant | Income classification | Government fraction | Out-of-pocket fraction | Prepaid private fraction | Development assistance for health fraction | Government AROC | Out-of-pocket AROC | Prepaid private AROC | Development assistance for health AROC | Total immunisation AROC | ||
| Global | 84 (80 to 90) | .. | 63·2 (60·6 to 65·0) | 3·6 (2·6 to 6·7) | 2·8 (2·6 to 3·2) | 30·4 (28·6 to 31·9) | 5·6 (4·9 to 6·2) | 5·1 (3·2 to 6·7) | 5·9 (4·5 to 7·2) | 12·9 | 7·0 (6·5 to 7·5) | |
| World Bank income group | ||||||||||||
| Upper-middle Income | 145 (133 to 160) | .. | 91·8 (89·5 to 92·9) | 3·8 (2·8 to 5·9) | 4·2 (3·7 to 4·8) | 0·2 (0·2 to 0·2) | 5·6 (4·7 to 6·4) | 5·6 (2·8 to 7·8) | 5·3 (3·7 to 6·8) | −0·9 | 5·5 (4·7 to 6·4) | |
| Lower-middle Income | 42 (39 to 46) | .. | 53·8 (49·5 to 57·6) | 4·7 (3·0 to 10·8) | 2·1 (1·6 to 2·6) | 39·4 (35·5 to 42·6) | 5·9 (4·9 to 6·9) | 3·6 (1·6 to 5·6) | 7·7 (5·0 to 10·2) | 13·2 | 7·7 (7·0 to 8·5) | |
| Low income | 40 (38 to 42) | .. | 24·2 (21·7 to 26·3) | 4·6 (2·8 to 10·8) | 1·8 (1·3 to 2·6) | 69·4 (64·6 to 72·0) | 4·2 (3·3 to 5·1) | 8·3 (6·3 to 10·4) | 12·2 (9·4 to 15·1) | 20·6 | 11·2 (10·5 to 11·8) | |
| GBD super-region | ||||||||||||
| Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia | 131 (116 to 147) | .. | 89·0 (85·8 to 91·2) | 7·1 (5·0 to 10·4) | 0·7 (0·5 to 0·9) | 3·1 (2·8 to 3·5) | 4·0 (2·8 to 5·0) | 8·6 (5·8 to 11·4) | −0·8 (−4·0 to 2·4) | 19·5 | 4·3 (3·3 to 5·3) | |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 213 (187 to 243) | .. | 90·2 (88·5 to 91·6) | 2·9 (1·8 to 4·4) | 6·2 (5·2 to 7·4) | 0·7 (0·6 to 0·8) | 5·4 (4·2 to 6·6) | 10·1 (6·2 to 13·8) | 7·7 (5·7 to 9·6) | 4·0 | 5·6 (4·4 to 6·8) | |
| North Africa and Middle East | 106 (94 to 121) | .. | 84·1 (81·3 to 86·2) | 4·1 (2·7 to 7·0) | 1·5 (1·2 to 1·8) | 10·2 (8·9 to 11·5) | 5·3 (4·2 to 6·5) | 4·7 (1·9 to 7·3) | 5·7 (3·1 to 8·4) | 26·1 | 5·9 (4·9 to 7·0) | |
| South Asia | 34 (29 to 41) | .. | 48·6 (41·3 to 55·9) | 3·9 (1·6 to 11·2) | 2·1 (1·3 to 3·3) | 45·4 (37·2 to 52·9) | 5·7 (3·6 to 8·1) | 4·9 (1·2 to 9·3) | 10·8 (5·4 to 16·1) | 9·5 | 7·2 (5·9 to 8·5) | |
| Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania | 63 (53 to 76) | .. | 85·7 (79·7 to 88·6) | 5·5 (3·3 to 11·7) | 2·2 (1·6 to 3·0) | 6·6 (5·5 to 7·9) | 6·2 (3·8 to 8·1) | 2·1 (−0·4 to 4·6) | 1·9 (−1·9 to 5·8) | 14·0 | 6·0 (3·9 to 7·8) | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 55 (51 to 59) | .. | 44·6 (41·5 to 48·0) | 3·6 (2·4 to 7·8) | 3·7 (3·1 to 4·3) | 48·1 (44·7 to 51·2) | 6·9 (5·9 to 8·0) | 6·0 (4·4 to 7·9) | 5·9 (4·0 to 7·6) | 21·9 | 10·4 (9·5 to 11·2) | |
| Gavi status | ||||||||||||
| Gavi | 41 (38 to 45) | .. | 43·5 (39·6 to 47·3) | 4·2 (2·5 to 10·4) | 1·9 (1·6 to 2·4) | 50·3 (45·9 to 53·4) | 6·1 (5·1 to 7·1) | 4·5 (2·6 to 6·6) | 8·7 (6·1 to 11·2) | 15·2 | 9·0 (8·3 to 9·7) | |
| Non-Gavi | 132 (121 to 144) | .. | 91·1 (88·7 to 92·2) | 4·1 (3·1 to 6·6) | 4·1 (3·7 to 4·7) | 0·7 (0·6 to 0·7) | 5·5 (4·7 to 6·2) | 5·5 (2·8 to 7·5) | 5·3 (3·8 to 6·8) | 5·7 | 5·5 (4·7 to 6·2) | |
| Unallocable development assistance | ||||||||||||
| Unallocable | 12 (12 to 12) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 100·0 (100·0 to 100·0) | .. | .. | .. | 11·3 | 11·3 (11·3 to 11·3) | |
| Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia | ||||||||||||
| Albania | 97 (75 to 122) | Upper-middle income | 95·6 (92·8 to 97·2) | 3·1 (1·6 to 6·0) | 1·2 (0·6 to 2·1) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) | 7·9 (5·7 to 10·1) | 0·3 (−4·0 to 4·9) | 9·5 (2·6 to 16·5) | .. | 7·5 (5·3 to 9·6) | |
| Armenia | 102 (81 to 128) | Upper-middle income | 73·8 (67·1 to 79·5) | 3·1 (1·5 to 6·0) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·6) | 22·7 (17·9 to 28·1) | 9·3 (6·5 to 12·3) | 182·7 (36·2 to 592·1) | 8·2 (2·4 to 14·8) | .. | 11·3 (8·8 to 13·9) | |
| Azerbaijan | 42 (33 to 53) | Upper-middle income | 72·3 (63·0 to 79·2) | 8·0 (3·5 to 17·3) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 19·5 (15·2 to 24·5) | 7·9 (5·1 to 10·7) | 10·1 (4·5 to 15·5) | 11·0 (4·2 to 18·3) | .. | 9·4 (7·0 to 11·9) | |
| Belarus | 149 (116 to 188) | Upper-middle income | 86·6 (79·0 to 92·5) | 12·8 (7·0 to 20·4) | 0·6 (0·3 to 1·0) | .. | 2·8 (0·6 to 5·1) | 2·3 (−2·9 to 7·4) | −2·7 (−8·0 to 3·2) | .. | 2·7 (0·7 to 4·8) | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 144 (116 to 178) | Upper-middle income | 95·8 (94·2 to 97·1) | 2·2 (1·1 to 3·8) | 1·1 (0·6 to 2·0) | 0·8 (0·7 to 1·0) | 5·9 (3·9 to 8·0) | −5·2 (−9·9 to −0·7) | 7·7 (1·0 to 14·3) | .. | 5·2 (3·3 to 7·2) | |
| Bulgaria | 387 (311 to 473) | Upper-middle income | 90·8 (83·7 to 95·1) | 8·8 (4·5 to 15·8) | 0·4 (0·2 to 0·7) | .. | 4·5 (2·7 to 6·4) | 9·0 (3·5 to 14·7) | 17·6 (10·6 to 24·4) | .. | 4·8 (3·1 to 6·6) | |
| Georgia | 125 (96 to 162) | Upper-middle income | 77·0 (69·8 to 82·1) | 7·3 (4·6 to 13·7) | 1·5 (0·8 to 2·4) | 14·2 (10·8 to 18·2) | 12·0 (9·2 to 15·2) | 4·6 (1·9 to 6·9) | 48·0 (39·3 to 57·0) | .. | 12·0 (9·3 to 14·6) | |
| Kazakhstan | 278 (216 to 360) | Upper-middle income | 87·2 (79·6 to 92·5) | 11·6 (6·2 to 19·2) | 1·2 (0·7 to 2·0) | .. | 9·0 (6·3 to 11·6) | 43·3 (34·5 to 53·8) | 22·5 (15·0 to 30·2) | .. | 9·8 (7·1 to 12·3) | |
| Kyrgyzstan | 45 (41 to 50) | Lower-middle income | 23·9 (18·2 to 30·4) | 6·6 (2·9 to 14·9) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 69·5 (61·6 to 75·9) | 2·8 (0·2 to 5·6) | 4·9 (−0·4 to 9·5) | 27·8 (0·1 to 68·3) | .. | 10·7 (8·5 to 12·9) | |
| Mongolia | 39 (30 to 51) | Lower-middle income | 89·5 (82·1 to 93·3) | 5·8 (2·6 to 13·1) | 0·7 (0·4 to 1·4) | 3·9 (2·9 to 5·0) | 6·5 (3·9 to 9·2) | 40·5 (30·2 to 52·2) | 5·0 (−1·3 to 11·2) | .. | 7·1 (4·6 to 9·7) | |
| Montenegro | 195 (141 to 270) | Upper-middle income | 96·3 (94·6 to 97·4) | 2·4 (1·2 to 4·4) | 1·3 (0·8 to 2·0) | .. | 5·9 (2·9 to 8·9) | −1·7 (−6·0 to 3·0) | 8·0 (1·5 to 15·0) | .. | 5·5 (2·7 to 8·4) | |
| North Macedonia | 217 (149 to 306) | Upper-middle income | 96·6 (95·3 to 97·6) | 1·9 (0·9 to 3·4) | 1·1 (0·7 to 1·8) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | 5·7 (2·8 to 8·9) | −3·0 (−7·3 to 1·5) | 7·3 (1·0 to 14·2) | .. | 5·4 (2·6 to 8·4) | |
| Moldova | 106 (83 to 136) | Lower-middle income | 80·7 (75·8 to 85·3) | 2·1 (0·9 to 4·1) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·5) | 16·9 (13·0 to 21·1) | 3·7 (1·2 to 6·3) | 3·8 (−1·7 to 9·6) | 5·2 (−0·8 to 12·2) | .. | 4·8 (2·6 to 7·2) | |
| Romania | 168 (134 to 212) | Upper-middle income | 96·0 (93·4 to 97·9) | 3·7 (1·9 to 6·3) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·4) | .. | 4·0 (2·0 to 6·1) | 6·1 (0·9 to 11·8) | 1·3 (−4·7 to 7·3) | .. | 4·0 (2·1 to 6·1) | |
| Russia | 168 (136 to 206) | Upper-middle income | 92·7 (87·6 to 95·8) | 6·7 (3·5 to 11·8) | 0·6 (0·4 to 1·0) | .. | 3·0 (1·2 to 4·7) | 9·4 (3·9 to 15·1) | −4·3 (−8·7 to 0·2) | .. | 3·2 (1·4 to 4·8) | |
| Serbia | 237 (188 to 296) | Upper-middle income | 97·9 (96·6 to 98·8) | 1·7 (0·9 to 3·0) | 0·4 (0·2 to 0·6) | .. | 6·7 (4·6 to 8·8) | −1·8 (−6·2 to 2·7) | −1·1 (−6·3 to 4·1) | .. | 6·0 (4·1 to 8·0) | |
| Tajikistan | 31 (29 to 35) | Low income | 24·5 (18·2 to 31·5) | 3·9 (1·7 to 9·2) | 0·1 (0·0 to 0·1) | 71·5 (64·1 to 78·2) | 13·9 (10·9 to 17·1) | 11·8 (6·4 to 18·3) | 47·9 (38·7 to 58·0) | .. | 22·3 (19·5 to 24·9) | |
| Turkmenistan | 73 (56 to 95) | Upper-middle income | 91·9 (85·2 to 95·6) | 6·8 (3·2 to 13·6) | 1·3 (0·8 to 2·0) | .. | 6·8 (4·3 to 9·2) | 40·3 (31·6 to 51·4) | 9·2 (3·1 to 15·7) | .. | 6·8 (4·5 to 9·2) | |
| Ukraine | 91 (69 to 117) | Lower-middle income | 93·7 (89·4 to 96·5) | 5·7 (2·8 to 10·1) | 0·6 (0·3 to 1·1) | .. | 0·7 (−1·5 to 3·0) | −0·7 (−5·5 to 4·2) | −2·5 (−8·3 to 3·6) | .. | 0·6 (−1·5 to 2·7) | |
| Uzbekistan | 29 (24 to 37) | Lower-middle income | 67·9 (59·2 to 75·0) | 6·3 (2·7 to 15·2) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 25·6 (20·0 to 31·0) | 5·8 (2·9 to 8·8) | 41·4 (29·1 to 54·8) | 10·6 (4·2 to 17·4) | 23·3 | 8·1 (5·4 to 10·7) | |
| Latin America and Caribbean | ||||||||||||
| Argentina | 420 (334 to 526) | Upper-middle income | 82·1 (73·3 to 89·0) | 15·1 (8·0 to 24·0) | 2·9 (2·3 to 3·5) | .. | 5·1 (2·9 to 7·5) | 15·9 (9·5 to 21·4) | 3·5 (0·4 to 6·5) | .. | 5·9 (3·8 to 8·0) | |
| Belize | 89 (71 to 110) | Upper-middle income | 97·2 (95·5 to 98·2) | 1·2 (0·5 to 2·6) | 1·6 (1·0 to 2·4) | .. | 6·7 (4·7 to 8·7) | 3·4 (−1·7 to 8·9) | 3·9 (−1·5 to 9·4) | .. | 6·6 (4·6 to 8·5) | |
| Bolivia | 73 (59 to 91) | Lower-middle income | 80·5 (76·7 to 83·9) | 1·8 (0·8 to 3·5) | 1·0 (0·6 to 1·7) | 16·6 (13·2 to 20·2) | 6·8 (4·6 to 9·1) | 6·3 (1·0 to 11·8) | 2·8 (−3·1 to 8·6) | −2·1 | 4·0 (2·6 to 5·6) | |
| Brazil | 366 (289 to 454) | Upper-middle income | 90·1 (87·8 to 92·1) | 0·3 (0·1 to 0·5) | 9·7 (7·7 to 12·0) | .. | 4·9 (3·0 to 7·0) | 6·3 (−0·2 to 12·8) | 8·1 (5·6 to 10·5) | .. | 5·1 (3·2 to 7·2) | |
| Colombia | 106 (84 to 132) | Upper-middle income | 94·1 (92·4 to 95·4) | 1·7 (0·8 to 3·3) | 4·2 (3·2 to 5·4) | .. | 5·0 (3·1 to 6·8) | 5·7 (−0·1 to 11·5) | 7·8 (4·0 to 11·7) | .. | 5·1 (3·3 to 7·0) | |
| Costa Rica | 222 (180 to 269) | Upper-middle income | 93·4 (89·2 to 96·1) | 5·3 (2·6 to 9·4) | 1·3 (0·9 to 2·0) | .. | 4·9 (3·1 to 6·6) | 8·2 (2·2 to 13·8) | 10·6 (5·9 to 15·5) | .. | 5·1 (3·2 to 6·8) | |
| Cuba | 477 (368 to 619) | Upper-middle income | 98·8 (98·3 to 99·1) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·5) | 0·5 (0·2 to 0·9) | 0·5 (0·4 to 0·6) | 7·2 (5·2 to 9·4) | 1·2 (−4·3 to 6·8) | 7·0 (0·6 to 13·8) | .. | 7·2 (5·2 to 9·4) | |
| Dominica | 136 (105 to 176) | Upper-middle income | 98·8 (97·7 to 99·4) | 0·8 (0·3 to 2·0) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·6) | .. | 2·7 (0·6 to 4·9) | −1·3 (−6·1 to 3·7) | 33·3 (25·6 to 42·0) | .. | 2·7 (0·6 to 4·9) | |
| Dominican Republic | 73 (56 to 92) | Upper-middle income | 95·8 (93·6 to 97·2) | 1·9 (0·8 to 4·2) | 2·3 (1·5 to 3·3) | .. | 7·4 (5·2 to 9·7) | 7·3 (1·4 to 13·5) | 7·2 (2·0 to 12·6) | .. | 7·1 (5·0 to 9·4) | |
| Ecuador | 160 (129 to 198) | Upper-middle income | 96·0 (94·2 to 97·2) | 2·0 (1·0 to 3·9) | 2·0 (1·3 to 2·9) | .. | 9·5 (7·5 to 11·7) | 12·0 (6·0 to 18·1) | 11·2 (6·0 to 16·4) | .. | 9·6 (7·6 to 11·7) | |
| El Salvador | 99 (79 to 124) | Lower-middle income | 95·6 (93·0 to 97·2) | 2·8 (1·3 to 5·2) | 1·7 (1·0 to 2·7) | .. | 3·4 (1·6 to 5·4) | 7·1 (1·2 to 13·2) | 7·9 (2·1 to 13·4) | .. | 3·6 (1·7 to 5·4) | |
| Grenada | 115 (91 to 148) | Upper-middle income | 98·0 (96·6 to 98·7) | 1·0 (0·4 to 2·4) | 1·0 (0·6 to 1·7) | .. | 3·5 (1·4 to 5·5) | 0·8 (−4·5 to 6·2) | 4·1 (−1·5 to 10·0) | .. | 3·4 (1·4 to 5·5) | |
| Guatemala | 76 (57 to 99) | Upper-middle income | 88·5 (81·3 to 93·1) | 8·9 (4·4 to 16·4) | 2·1 (1·2 to 3·3) | 0·5 (0·4 to 0·7) | 7·7 (5·3 to 10·1) | 11·4 (4·6 to 17·8) | 14·8 (8·5 to 21·5) | 0·0 | 8·0 (5·7 to 10·1) | |
| Guyana | 153 (125 to 187) | Upper-middle income | 82·6 (79·2 to 85·7) | 1·2 (0·5 to 2·4) | 0·8 (0·4 to 1·3) | 15·4 (12·4 to 18·6) | 5·0 (2·7 to 7·2) | 5·2 (−0·7 to 11·8) | 3·7 (−2·2 to 9·8) | .. | 6·0 (3·9 to 8·1) | |
| Haiti | 30 (30 to 32) | Low income | 7·1 (4·9 to 9·9) | 1·1 (0·5 to 2·5) | 1·3 (0·6 to 2·5) | 90·5 (87·3 to 93·2) | 1·1 (−2·2 to 4·5) | 6·7 (0·4 to 12·8) | 12·3 (5·8 to 19·0) | 9·6 | 8·4 (7·7 to 8·9) | |
| Honduras | 51 (39 to 66) | Lower-middle income | 93·9 (92·7 to 94·8) | 0·8 (0·3 to 1·8) | 1·6 (0·9 to 2·6) | 3·7 (2·8 to 4·7) | 5·4 (3·0 to 8·0) | 5·8 (−0·0 to 12·1) | 6·3 (−0·0 to 13·1) | 4·9 | 5·4 (3·1 to 7·9) | |
| Jamaica | 104 (79 to 135) | Upper-middle income | 94·4 (92·5 to 95·8) | 0·9 (0·4 to 2·4) | 4·7 (3·4 to 6·3) | .. | 0·1 (−2·0 to 2·2) | 1·0 (−4·1 to 6·4) | 1·8 (−2·5 to 6·2) | .. | 0·2 (−1·9 to 2·3) | |
| Mexico | 131 (106 to 162) | Upper-middle income | 95·9 (93·9 to 97·2) | 2·3 (1·1 to 4·1) | 1·9 (1·2 to 2·8) | .. | 6·8 (5·1 to 8·7) | 1·3 (−3·8 to 6·7) | 14·1 (8·7 to 20·0) | .. | 6·7 (5·0 to 8·6) | |
| Nicaragua | 83 (67 to 103) | Lower-middle income | 78·2 (73·5 to 82·4) | 1·3 (0·6 to 2·8) | 0·5 (0·3 to 0·8) | 20·0 (16·0 to 24·4) | 5·2 (2·8 to 7·6) | 3·1 (−2·1 to 8·9) | 3·0 (−2·9 to 9·2) | 16·8 | 6·3 (4·1 to 8·4) | |
| Paraguay | 226 (172 to 293) | Upper-middle income | 96·8 (95·5 to 97·7) | 0·7 (0·3 to 1·4) | 2·6 (1·6 to 3·9) | .. | 6·4 (4·2 to 8·6) | 12·4 (5·6 to 19·8) | 5·6 (0·7 to 10·7) | .. | 6·4 (4·2 to 8·7) | |
| Peru | 170 (132 to 213) | Upper-middle income | 95·3 (93·2 to 96·9) | 2·5 (1·2 to 4·6) | 2·2 (1·4 to 3·2) | .. | 7·7 (5·6 to 9·6) | 12·2 (5·6 to 19·0) | 5·9 (0·9 to 11·4) | .. | 7·7 (5·7 to 9·6) | |
| Saint Lucia | 139 (108 to 177) | Upper-middle income | 97·5 (96·1 to 98·3) | 0·9 (0·4 to 2·2) | 1·6 (1·0 to 2·3) | .. | 2·5 (0·5 to 4·6) | 0·6 (−4·1 to 5·7) | 0·8 (−3·4 to 5·8) | .. | 2·5 (0·4 to 4·5) | |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 88 (67 to 117) | Upper-middle income | 97·7 (95·8 to 98·7) | 1·5 (0·6 to 3·5) | 0·8 (0·5 to 1·3) | .. | 2·4 (0·2 to 4·6) | 0·7 (−4·3 to 6·2) | 4·4 (−1·7 to 10·8) | .. | 2·4 (0·2 to 4·6) | |
| Suriname | 88 (67 to 115) | Upper-middle income | 93·5 (91·0 to 95·1) | 1·9 (0·8 to 4·1) | 4·6 (3·5 to 6·0) | .. | 4·9 (2·8 to 7·3) | 6·3 (0·1 to 12·1) | 3·4 (−0·2 to 7·0) | .. | 4·9 (2·7 to 7·2) | |
| Venezuela | 39 (29 to 50) | Upper-middle income | 88·6 (85·5 to 91·1) | 2·1 (0·9 to 4·4) | 9·2 (7·1 to 11·8) | .. | −1·2 (−3·2 to 0·9) | 4·0 (−1·7 to 9·9) | 3·7 (0·3 to 7·5) | .. | −0·8 (−2·8 to 1·3) | |
| North Africa and Middle East | ||||||||||||
| Afghanistan | 29 (28 to 32) | Low income | 8·1 (5·7 to 10·9) | 5·0 (2·1 to 15·1) | 0·3 (0·1 to 0·5) | 86·6 (77·2 to 90·6) | 14·3 (11·1 to 17·4) | 9·7 (4·5 to 14·7) | 28·8 (19·3 to 38·2) | .. | 26·6 (20·3 to 30·1) | |
| Algeria | 127 (96 to 167) | Upper-middle income | 94·8 (90·2 to 97·5) | 4·8 (2·1 to 9·5) | 0·4 (0·2 to 0·6) | .. | 7·8 (5·0 to 10·4) | 6·4 (−0·5 to 13·0) | 5·0 (−1·1 to 11·8) | .. | 7·6 (4·8 to 10·2) | |
| Egypt | 42 (29 to 58) | Lower-middle income | 87·0 (73·5 to 92·3) | 11·1 (5·3 to 25·0) | 2·0 (1·1 to 3·2) | .. | 2·6 (−0·2 to 5·4) | 2·2 (−1·2 to 5·8) | 10·8 (4·0 to 17·6) | .. | 2·4 (−0·1 to 4·9) | |
| Iran | 170 (119 to 247) | Upper-middle income | 96·3 (93·7 to 97·6) | 1·8 (0·7 to 4·4) | 1·9 (1·2 to 2·9) | .. | 8·2 (5·2 to 11·4) | −3·3 (−7·7 to 1·7) | 13·2 (7·5 to 19·5) | .. | 7·6 (4·7 to 10·7) | |
| Iraq | 69 (49 to 93) | Upper-middle income | 100·0 (100·0 to 100·0) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | .. | 4·3 (1·8 to 7·0) | −32·9 (−83·8 to −0·1) | 0·8 (−5·5 to 7·6) | .. | 4·3 (1·8 to 7·0) | |
| Jordan | 195 (153 to 251) | Upper-middle income | 80·5 (73·3 to 86·6) | 14·4 (8·3 to 21·8) | 4·5 (3·1 to 6·4) | 0·6 (0·4 to 0·7) | 6·0 (3·9 to 8·4) | 5·9 (1·0 to 10·5) | 8·9 (4·5 to 13·7) | .. | 6·1 (4·2 to 8·3) | |
| Lebanon | 247 (176 to 342) | Upper-middle income | 93·4 (89·6 to 94·7) | 1·0 (0·1 to 4·5) | 4·5 (3·8 to 5·2) | 1·2 (0·8 to 1·6) | 5·0 (2·1 to 8·0) | 1·4 (−1·8 to 5·8) | 6·9 (3·1 to 10·5) | .. | 5·1 (2·2 to 8·0) | |
| Libya | 562 (421 to 751) | Upper-middle income | 98·9 (97·9 to 99·5) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 1·1 (0·5 to 2·1) | .. | 3·6 (1·0 to 6·0) | −37·1 (−83·3 to −8·2) | 5·7 (−0·5 to 12·3) | .. | 3·6 (1·1 to 6·0) | |
| Morocco | 76 (55 to 100) | Lower-middle income | 90·0 (83·1 to 94·7) | 9·2 (4·6 to 16·2) | 0·8 (0·5 to 1·3) | .. | 8·8 (6·0 to 11·7) | 13·0 (5·5 to 20·0) | −1·6 (−7·8 to 4·5) | .. | 8·8 (6·0 to 11·6) | |
| Palestine | 340 (312 to 373) | Lower-middle income | 23·3 (18·0 to 29·0) | 0·4 (0·2 to 0·9) | 4·0 (2·7 to 5·8) | 72·2 (65·6 to 78·5) | 6·4 (3·6 to 9·4) | −3·0 (−7·7 to 1·8) | 9·3 (5·6 to 13·1) | 34·4 | 14·4 (12·4 to 16·4) | |
| Sudan | 31 (30 to 34) | Lower-middle income | 10·5 (7·6 to 13·8) | 3·0 (0·7 to 11·9) | 1·0 (0·5 to 1·8) | 85·5 (77·9 to 89·8) | −5·3 (−7·9 to −2·4) | 15·7 (8·0 to 26·7) | 8·2 (1·7 to 15·3) | .. | 8·1 (5·9 to 10·4) | |
| Syria | 57 (43 to 78) | Low income | 88·1 (83·5 to 91·2) | 3·5 (1·4 to 7·4) | 1·2 (0·7 to 2·0) | 7·3 (5·3 to 9·5) | −0·3 (−2·7 to 2·4) | −4·7 (−9·7 to 0·8) | 3·8 (−2·4 to 10·1) | .. | −0·1 (−2·3 to 2·4) | |
| Tunisia | 54 (40 to 73) | Lower-middle income | 95·4 (86·0 to 97·9) | 3·8 (1·2 to 13·4) | 0·8 (0·5 to 1·4) | .. | 3·4 (0·8 to 6·1) | 1·6 (−3·2 to 6·2) | 3·0 (−3·4 to 9·2) | .. | 3·3 (0·8 to 5·9) | |
| Turkey | 358 (268 to 470) | Upper-middle income | 94·4 (90·3 to 96·8) | 4·3 (1·9 to 8·4) | 1·3 (0·8 to 2·0) | .. | 5·5 (3·1 to 8·0) | 14·5 (8·1 to 20·9) | 1·3 (−4·0 to 7·1) | .. | 5·6 (3·2 to 8·1) | |
| Yemen | 36 (34 to 39) | Low income | 21·5 (16·3 to 27·6) | 1·4 (0·3 to 5·4) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 76·9 (70·5 to 82·5) | −5·8 (−8·4 to −3·2) | 2·6 (−3·8 to 13·1) | −4·9 (−10·5 to 1·5) | .. | 3·0 (0·9 to 5·1) | |
| South Asia | ||||||||||||
| Bangladesh | 51 (46 to 58) | Lower-middle income | 31·3 (24·4 to 38·2) | 4·0 (1·8 to 9·5) | 0·8 (0·4 to 1·5) | 63·9 (56·4 to 71·0) | 5·3 (2·4 to 8·4) | 7·2 (1·8 to 12·8) | 11·4 (5·2 to 18·2) | 25·4 | 11·5 (9·6 to 13·6) | |
| Bhutan | 31 (23 to 42) | Lower-middle income | 80·9 (70·8 to 87·2) | 8·4 (3·6 to 18·7) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | 10·5 (7·6 to 13·9) | 0·0 (−2·7 to 2·7) | 5·0 (0·3 to 10·0) | 3·1 (−2·9 to 9·5) | .. | 1·0 (−1·4 to 3·4) | |
| India | 28 (22 to 38) | Lower-middle income | 63·5 (53·7 to 71·4) | 4·5 (1·4 to 14·2) | 2·7 (1·5 to 4·4) | 29·2 (21·5 to 37·6) | 7·8 (4·8 to 10·9) | 3·9 (−0·9 to 10·0) | 11·1 (3·9 to 18·0) | 3·8 | 6·2 (4·3 to 8·2) | |
| Nepal | 42 (36 to 50) | Low income | 46·3 (38·3 to 53·6) | 3·7 (1·6 to 9·3) | 2·8 (1·4 to 4·8) | 47·2 (39·1 to 55·6) | −2·2 (−4·8 to 0·5) | 6·1 (0·8 to 11·5) | 3·6 (−2·5 to 10·4) | .. | 2·1 (0·0 to 4·2) | |
| Pakistan | 46 (43 to 51) | Lower-middle income | 22·5 (17·1 to 28·5) | 2·2 (1·0 to 5·7) | 1·2 (0·7 to 2·1) | 74·0 (67·0 to 79·9) | 0·8 (−1·8 to 3·5) | 8·4 (3·1 to 14·2) | 12·7 (6·2 to 19·5) | 25·0 | 9·4 (7·3 to 11·3) | |
| Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania | ||||||||||||
| American Samoa | 245 (173 to 348) | Upper-middle income | 96·7 (94·0 to 98·0) | 2·0 (0·8 to 4·7) | 1·3 (0·7 to 2·1) | .. | −2·1 (−4·8 to 0·8) | −3·4 (−7·4 to 0·7) | 7·5 (1·2 to 14·2) | .. | −2·1 (−4·8 to 0·7) | |
| Cambodia | 47 (43 to 52) | Lower-middle income | 21·5 (15·9 to 27·6) | 5·9 (2·6 to 13·0) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 72·4 (64·9 to 78·3) | 3·0 (0·1 to 5·8) | 11·7 (6·5 to 16·9) | 8·6 (2·1 to 15·4) | 24·6 | 11·5 (9·5 to 13·4) | |
| China | 72 (54 to 94) | Upper-middle income | 94·5 (89·1 to 96·9) | 3·7 (1·6 to 9·3) | 1·7 (1·0 to 2·8) | 0·1 (0·0 to 0·1) | 6·0 (2·9 to 8·6) | 1·9 (−2·7 to 6·5) | −0·1 (−5·3 to 5·2) | −14·6 | 5·4 (2·5 to 7·9) | |
| North Korea | 45 (42 to 50) | Low income | 23·7 (17·8 to 30·0) | 2·8 (1·2 to 7·1) | 0·5 (0·2 to 0·8) | 73·0 (65·8 to 79·4) | −1·0 (−3·6 to 1·9) | 1·0 (−4·0 to 6·1) | 6·4 (0·5 to 13·0) | .. | 7·3 (5·4 to 9·3) | |
| Fiji | 211 (158 to 281) | Upper-middle income | 90·1 (85·5 to 93·2) | 5·8 (2·8 to 10·7) | 4·1 (2·8 to 5·8) | .. | 3·2 (0·2 to 6·1) | 9·4 (3·3 to 14·9) | 11·0 (4·9 to 17·5) | .. | 3·6 (0·8 to 6·5) | |
| Indonesia | 49 (38 to 63) | Lower-middle income | 63·9 (54·9 to 70·9) | 10·2 (5·4 to 19·2) | 4·7 (2·9 to 7·3) | 21·2 (16·1 to 26·8) | 7·0 (4·1 to 10·0) | 0·6 (−3·8 to 5·0) | 4·1 (−1·4 to 10·2) | 19·4 | 6·8 (4·3 to 9·1) | |
| Kiribati | 177 (158 to 201) | Lower-middle income | 41·6 (35·3 to 48·5) | 1·3 (0·6 to 2·9) | 0·7 (0·4 to 1·2) | 56·4 (49·5 to 62·9) | 2·5 (0·2 to 4·8) | 4·1 (−1·2 to 9·3) | 46·0 (37·5 to 54·8) | .. | 7·7 (6·0 to 9·4) | |
| Laos | 61 (53 to 72) | Lower-middle income | 43·9 (35·8 to 52·4) | 3·0 (1·3 to 6·8) | 0·7 (0·4 to 1·3) | 52·4 (43·9 to 60·5) | 13·2 (10·0 to 16·3) | 4·7 (−0·5 to 9·7) | 7·3 (1·2 to 13·8) | .. | 17·0 (14·5 to 19·5) | |
| Malaysia | 113 (89 to 143) | Upper-middle income | 85·7 (77·7 to 90·5) | 11·3 (6·4 to 19·3) | 3·0 (2·1 to 4·3) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 7·3 (4·9 to 9·5) | 2·9 (−1·0 to 7·2) | 5·6 (1·0 to 9·9) | .. | 6·5 (4·5 to 8·5) | |
| Maldives | 176 (125 to 242) | Upper-middle income | 96·6 (94·7 to 97·6) | 1·1 (0·4 to 2·9) | 2·3 (1·7 to 3·0) | .. | 9·9 (6·7 to 13·0) | 2·3 (−2·5 to 7·2) | 8·9 (4·7 to 13·3) | .. | 9·8 (6·6 to 12·7) | |
| Marshall Islands | 109 (81 to 148) | Upper-middle income | 92·8 (87·4 to 95·9) | 5·8 (2·7 to 11·2) | 1·3 (0·8 to 2·1) | .. | 0·7 (−1·8 to 3·4) | 9·2 (3·6 to 14·7) | −1·5 (−6·8 to 4·1) | .. | 0·9 (−1·5 to 3·6) | |
| Mauritius | 273 (207 to 360) | Upper-middle income | 89·4 (83·3 to 93·7) | 8·7 (4·4 to 14·9) | 1·9 (1·2 to 2·7) | .. | 7·2 (4·7 to 9·9) | 9·7 (3·7 to 15·3) | 13·8 (8·1 to 20·1) | .. | 7·5 (5·0 to 10·0) | |
| Federated States of Micronesia | 61 (44 to 83) | Lower-middle income | 89·6 (81·3 to 95·0) | 10·4 (5·0 to 18·7) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | .. | 2·0 (−1·0 to 5·0) | 4·8 (−0·9 to 10·8) | 0·2 (−42·4 to 65·8) | .. | 2·2 (−0·6 to 5·0) | |
| Myanmar | 35 (32 to 39) | Lower-middle income | 22·3 (16·4 to 29·1) | 5·0 (2·1 to 13·8) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 72·7 (64·4 to 79·2) | 18·0 (14·5 to 21·4) | 2·7 (−2·0 to 7·2) | 3·8 (−18·2 to 34·4) | .. | 20·5 (13·8 to 24·4) | |
| Papua New Guinea | 33 (28 to 38) | Lower-middle income | 43·6 (35·6 to 51·7) | 2·3 (1·0 to 5·8) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 54·1 (46·1 to 61·9) | 2·2 (−0·5 to 4·9) | 1·6 (−3·0 to 6·6) | 10·3 (−35·7 to 74·8) | .. | 6·9 (4·8 to 9·2) | |
| Philippines | 33 (24 to 45) | Lower-middle income | 82·0 (72·6 to 88·8) | 13·7 (6·7 to 23·7) | 3·7 (2·2 to 5·7) | 0·6 (0·4 to 0·8) | 8·3 (5·5 to 11·3) | 8·9 (2·8 to 14·8) | 9·5 (3·1 to 16·5) | −0·0 | 8·3 (5·7 to 11·0) | |
| Samoa | 64 (49 to 81) | Upper-middle income | 95·9 (90·4 to 98·1) | 3·9 (1·7 to 9·3) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·4) | .. | 4·1 (1·9 to 6·2) | −0·3 (−5·4 to 4·6) | 49·0 (40·3 to 58·4) | .. | 3·9 (1·7 to 5·9) | |
| Solomon Islands | 98 (90 to 108) | Lower-middle income | 31·2 (25·5 to 37·7) | 1·5 (0·7 to 3·4) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 67·3 (60·8 to 73·0) | 1·5 (−1·0 to 4·0) | 2·7 (−2·0 to 7·9) | 13·9 (−33·2 to 75·3) | .. | 8·4 (6·5 to 10·4) | |
| Sri Lanka | 34 (26 to 44) | Upper-middle income | 65·3 (50·8 to 73·5) | 13·2 (5·7 to 31·4) | 1·4 (0·8 to 2·4) | 20·1 (15·1 to 25·4) | 2·4 (−0·2 to 5·1) | 4·2 (−0·7 to 10·1) | 3·1 (−3·0 to 9·4) | .. | 4·1 (1·8 to 6·6) | |
| Thailand | 169 (128 to 221) | Upper-middle income | 93·6 (89·4 to 95·7) | 2·9 (1·3 to 6·7) | 3·5 (2·3 to 5·0) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 6·8 (4·4 to 9·4) | −0·0 (−4·3 to 4·4) | 8·2 (2·8 to 13·9) | .. | 6·5 (4·2 to 9·0) | |
| Timor-Leste | 132 (119 to 151) | Lower-middle income | 28·3 (21·5 to 36·0) | 0·4 (0·2 to 1·3) | 1·9 (1·1 to 3·0) | 69·4 (60·8 to 76·9) | 8·7 (5·6 to 11·8) | 24·6 (18·1 to 32·0) | 16·0 (9·6 to 22·5) | .. | 17·0 (14·5 to 19·2) | |
| Tonga | 66 (49 to 89) | Upper-middle income | 92·0 (85·1 to 96·0) | 6·8 (3·1 to 13·4) | 1·2 (0·5 to 2·4) | .. | 1·8 (−0·8 to 4·5) | 5·4 (−0·9 to 11·5) | 12·6 (6·1 to 19·0) | .. | 2·0 (−0·5 to 4·6) | |
| Vanuatu | 35 (25 to 47) | Lower-middle income | 93·6 (86·9 to 96·7) | 5·4 (2·3 to 12·0) | 1·0 (0·6 to 1·7) | .. | 1·6 (−1·1 to 4·1) | 4·0 (−1·3 to 9·6) | 26·7 (18·7 to 34·3) | .. | 1·7 (−0·9 to 4·2) | |
| Vietnam | 28 (22 to 38) | Lower-middle income | 56·6 (41·6 to 67·1) | 19·1 (9·6 to 39·3) | 1·2 (0·7 to 2·1) | 23·0 (16·7 to 29·2) | 6·2 (3·4 to 9·0) | 1·0 (−3·3 to 6·0) | −1·6 (−7·6 to 4·4) | .. | 5·9 (3·2 to 8·4) | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||||||||
| Angola | 31 (26 to 37) | Lower-middle income | 53·3 (46·7 to 59·4) | 1·9 (0·7 to 4·7) | 4·3 (2·7 to 6·5) | 40·5 (33·2 to 48·0) | 9·9 (7·0 to 12·6) | 10·3 (4·5 to 16·3) | 14·5 (9·1 to 20·5) | 18·4 | 12·3 (10·4 to 14·3) | |
| Benin | 28 (25 to 32) | Low income | 27·8 (21·3 to 34·9) | 2·3 (0·7 to 8·0) | 1·3 (0·7 to 2·3) | 68·5 (60·1 to 75·6) | 10·4 (7·3 to 13·7) | 9·2 (2·6 to 16·5) | 16·4 (9·8 to 23·7) | 27·4 | 16·9 (14·6 to 19·1) | |
| Botswana | 196 (157 to 239) | Upper-middle income | 90·4 (86·7 to 92·9) | 4·7 (2·4 to 8·1) | 4·9 (3·9 to 6·1) | .. | 7·8 (5·7 to 9·9) | 7·4 (1·8 to 13·2) | 5·3 (2·2 to 8·6) | .. | 7·6 (5·6 to 9·6) | |
| Burkina Faso | 40 (36 to 46) | Low income | 29·1 (22·7 to 35·7) | 1·6 (0·7 to 3·4) | 2·3 (1·1 to 3·8) | 67·0 (59·1 to 74·1) | 3·9 (1·2 to 6·9) | 14·7 (7·9 to 22·2) | 15·5 (9·0 to 23·0) | .. | 11·6 (9·5 to 13·8) | |
| Burundi | 22 (21 to 25) | Low income | 12·2 (9·1 to 15·9) | 6·3 (2·9 to 14·2) | 5·2 (2·8 to 9·0) | 76·3 (67·5 to 82·9) | 8·2 (4·8 to 11·5) | 6·4 (1·3 to 12·0) | 16·4 (9·3 to 23·3) | .. | 18·3 (14·0 to 21·1) | |
| Cape Verde | 113 (80 to 157) | Lower-middle income | 98·1 (95·9 to 98·9) | 1·2 (0·4 to 3·4) | 0·7 (0·4 to 1·1) | .. | 3·1 (0·2 to 6·0) | 2·4 (−2·3 to 7·7) | 9·8 (2·6 to 17·2) | .. | 3·1 (0·2 to 6·1) | |
| Cameroon | 26 (22 to 31) | Lower-middle income | 51·7 (42·5 to 60·0) | 5·3 (2·2 to 11·6) | 0·6 (0·3 to 1·0) | 42·5 (35·2 to 50·5) | 7·3 (4·1 to 10·0) | 9·8 (4·0 to 15·9) | 12·9 (5·7 to 20·5) | .. | 11·0 (8·5 to 13·2) | |
| Central African Republic | 60 (59 to 61) | Low income | 3·6 (2·6 to 5·0) | 0·8 (0·3 to 2·3) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·4) | 95·3 (93·5 to 96·7) | −3·8 (−6·6 to −0·9) | 3·6 (−1·5 to 8·9) | 15·4 (8·7 to 22·4) | .. | 16·6 (13·9 to 19·1) | |
| Chad | 16 (15 to 18) | Low income | 25·6 (20·0 to 31·6) | 0·4 (0·1 to 1·3) | 1·6 (0·8 to 3·0) | 72·5 (65·7 to 78·5) | 6·1 (3·0 to 9·0) | 4·7 (−1·3 to 11·1) | 19·0 (12·0 to 26·3) | .. | 14·8 (12·5 to 17·0) | |
| Comoros | 65 (55 to 79) | Lower-middle income | 55·5 (47·4 to 63·3) | 1·4 (0·5 to 4·2) | 0·5 (0·2 to 0·9) | 42·5 (34·9 to 50·5) | 9·1 (6·1 to 12·3) | 3·0 (−1·8 to 8·3) | 15·6 (8·0 to 22·9) | .. | 12·5 (10·1 to 15·1) | |
| Congo | 51 (44 to 61) | Lower-middle income | 45·4 (37·2 to 54·2) | 7·0 (3·1 to 14·5) | 0·8 (0·4 to 1·3) | 46·9 (38·8 to 54·4) | 7·7 (4·7 to 10·8) | 15·3 (9·8 to 21·5) | 17·0 (10·1 to 24·2) | .. | 12·4 (9·9 to 15·0) | |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 74 (66 to 84) | Lower-middle income | 23·5 (18·1 to 29·3) | 2·2 (0·9 to 5·8) | 4·7 (2·5 to 7·6) | 69·7 (61·1 to 76·9) | 6·3 (3·2 to 9·3) | 5·4 (0·6 to 10·4) | 13·6 (7·2 to 20·3) | .. | 14·7 (12·3 to 17·1) | |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 42 (40 to 48) | Low income | 5·9 (4·1 to 7·8) | 7·2 (3·1 to 18·4) | 2·1 (1·1 to 3·9) | 84·7 (73·9 to 89·7) | 13·5 (10·5 to 16·6) | 18·7 (13·2 to 24·5) | 22·6 (15·1 to 30·3) | 26·4 | 23·5 (22·1 to 24·5) | |
| Djibouti | 77 (70 to 87) | Lower-middle income | 33·0 (26·3 to 40·5) | 0·5 (0·1 to 2·0) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 66·3 (58·7 to 73·1) | 7·6 (4·8 to 10·6) | 8·4 (1·3 to 18·0) | 16·8 (10·2 to 23·7) | .. | 14·7 (12·5 to 17·2) | |
| Equatorial Guinea | 29 (21 to 40) | Upper-middle income | 87·0 (71·5 to 93·5) | 12·2 (5·6 to 27·8) | 0·9 (0·5 to 1·7) | .. | 11·1 (8·1 to 14·0) | 12·1 (7·1 to 17·0) | 13·8 (6·4 to 21·4) | .. | 11·2 (8·3 to 14·0) | |
| Eritrea | 28 (27 to 30) | Low income | 10·6 (7·7 to 14·0) | 6·0 (2·7 to 13·3) | 0·6 (0·3 to 1·1) | 82·8 (76·0 to 87·3) | 3·4 (0·5 to 6·4) | 5·4 (0·5 to 11·1) | 6·7 (0·4 to 13·4) | 31·1 | 14·9 (12·2 to 17·0) | |
| Eswatini | 133 (102 to 175) | Lower-middle income | 83·8 (74·6 to 89·5) | 12·0 (6·3 to 21·1) | 4·1 (2·8 to 5·9) | .. | 6·9 (4·3 to 9·5) | 11·7 (5·6 to 17·7) | 2·5 (−1·9 to 7·3) | .. | 7·0 (4·7 to 9·4) | |
| Ethiopia | 40 (35 to 48) | Low income | 40·5 (33·6 to 46·7) | 0·6 (0·3 to 1·5) | 5·1 (2·7 to 8·5) | 53·8 (44·9 to 62·4) | 11·2 (8·2 to 14·3) | 2·7 (−3·0 to 8·5) | 23·3 (16·4 to 30·4) | 26·8 | 15·9 (13·6 to 18·2) | |
| Gabon | 106 (73 to 150) | Upper-middle income | 93·7 (87·8 to 96·1) | 3·4 (1·3 to 9·4) | 2·9 (1·9 to 4·3) | .. | 4·2 (1·2 to 7·3) | 6·9 (2·4 to 11·4) | 6·4 (1·1 to 12·2) | .. | 4·3 (1·4 to 7·4) | |
| Gambia | 90 (85 to 97) | Low income | 17·9 (13·7 to 22·8) | 3·2 (1·5 to 7·0) | 1·9 (0·9 to 3·5) | 77·0 (71·6 to 81·5) | 6·2 (3·2 to 9·2) | 6·4 (1·7 to 11·3) | 8·9 (2·4 to 15·5) | .. | 16·1 (13·7 to 18·2) | |
| Ghana | 74 (59 to 92) | Lower-middle income | 61·9 (53·6 to 68·7) | 3·8 (1·6 to 8·2) | 2·4 (1·3 to 4·0) | 31·8 (25·1 to 39·2) | 9·6 (6·3 to 12·7) | 1·7 (−3·0 to 6·5) | 9·1 (2·6 to 15·8) | 16·7 | 10·3 (7·5 to 12·7) | |
| Guinea | 41 (39 to 44) | Low income | 15·2 (11·2 to 19·7) | 1·6 (0·6 to 4·0) | 2·0 (1·0 to 3·5) | 81·2 (75·3 to 86·2) | 2·6 (−0·0 to 5·5) | 7·8 (2·3 to 13·5) | 29·1 (21·6 to 37·5) | 39·3 | 14·2 (12·1 to 16·3) | |
| Guinea-Bissau | 25 (24 to 28) | Low income | 18·2 (13·5 to 23·7) | 3·5 (1·5 to 8·4) | 1·1 (0·5 to 2·1) | 77·1 (70·3 to 82·7) | −2·4 (−5·3 to 0·6) | 7·5 (2·0 to 13·1) | 37·2 (28·8 to 46·0) | 30·0 | 7·5 (4·9 to 9·8) | |
| Kenya | 52 (45 to 62) | Lower-middle income | 32·6 (25·5 to 39·8) | 7·9 (4·0 to 16·0) | 4·3 (2·4 to 6·6) | 55·2 (46·2 to 63·2) | 6·1 (3·4 to 9·2) | 8·1 (3·1 to 13·3) | 9·3 (3·5 to 15·4) | 15·2 | 9·9 (8·2 to 11·7) | |
| Lesotho | 44 (40 to 50) | Lower-middle income | 31·9 (24·9 to 39·8) | 3·0 (1·0 to 8·3) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 65·1 (57·7 to 71·8) | 0·1 (−2·5 to 2·9) | 6·3 (0·6 to 12·6) | −45·3 (−57·1 to −27·5) | 17·7 | 6·0 (4·2 to 7·8) | |
| Liberia | 94 (88 to 104) | Low income | 15·6 (11·7 to 21·0) | 7·2 (3·8 to 14·3) | 1·4 (0·7 to 2·5) | 75·8 (68·7 to 81·2) | 9·2 (5·9 to 12·7) | 8·4 (4·3 to 12·8) | 20·0 (13·2 to 27·5) | 19·2 | 15·0 (13·0 to 16·3) | |
| Madagascar | 26 (24 to 28) | Low income | 16·8 (12·4 to 22·0) | 6·2 (2·9 to 13·2) | 1·9 (1·0 to 3·2) | 75·0 (68·6 to 80·6) | 4·8 (1·8 to 7·7) | 6·9 (1·5 to 12·3) | 9·7 (3·6 to 16·1) | 19·8 | 12·5 (10·6 to 14·1) | |
| Malawi | 50 (45 to 56) | Low income | 19·8 (14·2 to 26·6) | 7·9 (4·2 to 16·2) | 1·6 (0·8 to 2·6) | 70·6 (62·3 to 77·1) | 13·8 (10·5 to 17·3) | 16·5 (11·0 to 22·4) | 8·0 (1·9 to 14·3) | 5·2 | 6·7 (6·2 to 7·4) | |
| Mali | 55 (46 to 66) | Low income | 52·8 (44·6 to 60·8) | 1·3 (0·6 to 3·2) | 0·6 (0·3 to 1·1) | 45·3 (37·4 to 53·4) | 5·6 (2·6 to 8·6) | 15·4 (8·8 to 21·9) | 9·8 (2·7 to 16·8) | 18·1 | 8·8 (6·4 to 11·1) | |
| Mauritania | 114 (101 to 130) | Lower-middle income | 37·9 (31·0 to 45·2) | 1·3 (0·5 to 3·2) | 1·2 (0·6 to 2·0) | 59·7 (52·0 to 67·0) | 11·7 (8·4 to 14·9) | 8·6 (2·4 to 14·9) | 19·7 (12·4 to 27·3) | .. | 17·8 (15·2 to 20·4) | |
| Mozambique | 51 (48 to 54) | Low income | 17·0 (13·0 to 22·0) | 0·5 (0·2 to 1·2) | 0·3 (0·1 to 0·6) | 82·2 (77·1 to 86·2) | 6·2 (3·3 to 9·2) | 10·3 (3·6 to 17·0) | 17·7 (10·9 to 24·5) | 54·8 | 17·7 (15·1 to 20·2) | |
| Namibia | 369 (274 to 489) | Upper-middle income | 82·9 (80·5 to 84·6) | 2·5 (1·2 to 4·5) | 14·6 (13·4 to 15·8) | − | 3·6 (0·8 to 6·6) | 15·1 (8·4 to 21·9) | 4·7 (1·6 to 7·7) | .. | 3·8 (1·2 to 6·8) | |
| Niger | 35 (33 to 37) | Low income | 15·4 (11·7 to 20·0) | 0·7 (0·3 to 1·7) | 0·7 (0·3 to 1·2) | 83·2 (78·2 to 87·4) | 9·4 (6·7 to 12·3) | 6·6 (0·7 to 12·5) | 14·6 (8·0 to 21·7) | 62·4 | 21·5 (19·2 to 23·9) | |
| Nigeria | 58 (49 to 69) | Lower-middle income | 57·1 (49·5 to 64·0) | 1·0 (0·3 to 3·3) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·6) | 41·6 (34·5 to 48·8) | 7·1 (4·3 to 9·9) | −0·6 (−4·9 to 4·2) | 1·3 (−5·1 to 7·8) | 45·8 | 10·2 (7·8 to 12·5) | |
| Rwanda | 66 (62 to 71) | Low income | 13·7 (10·0 to 17·9) | 3·0 (1·4 to 6·7) | 2·5 (1·3 to 4·2) | 80·8 (75·1 to 86·0) | 8·4 (5·2 to 11·6) | 7·1 (1·5 to 12·9) | 9·9 (4·3 to 16·1) | 20·4 | 15·6 (14·1 to 16·9) | |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 545 (503 to 594) | Lower-middle income | 27·4 (21·9 to 33·3) | 0·5 (0·2 to 1·2) | 0·5 (0·2 to 0·8) | 71·6 (65·5 to 77·3) | 5·0 (2·4 to 7·6) | 6·1 (0·7 to 11·5) | 16·1 (8·8 to 23·1) | .. | 13·2 (11·2 to 15·1) | |
| Senegal | 44 (41 to 48) | Lower-middle income | 21·0 (15·6 to 26·2) | 2·6 (1·1 to 6·5) | 2·0 (1·0 to 3·7) | 74·4 (68·3 to 79·9) | 3·8 (0·8 to 6·5) | 11·6 (5·6 to 17·8) | 15·7 (9·1 to 22·7) | 50·1 | 13·4 (11·2 to 15·6) | |
| Sierra Leone | 46 (42 to 52) | Low income | 25·6 (19·3 to 32·8) | 3·0 (1·2 to 8·1) | 1·9 (1·0 to 3·5) | 69·6 (61·5 to 76·7) | 3·5 (0·5 to 6·6) | 8·0 (2·7 to 13·9) | 31·0 (23·3 to 39·5) | .. | 11·9 (9·7 to 14·1) | |
| Somalia | 11 (11 to 12) | Low income | 8·9 (6·4 to 11·9) | 3·5 (1·3 to 9·9) | 0·1 (0·1 to 0·2) | 87·5 (80·7 to 91·0) | 5·7 (2·7 to 8·8) | 5·4 (0·2 to 10·6) | 14·9 (7·8 to 22·5) | .. | 19·5 (16·4 to 22·1) | |
| South Africa | 282 (214 to 362) | Upper-middle income | 82·8 (80·0 to 84·8) | 3·8 (2·1 to 6·6) | 12·6 (11·4 to 13·8) | 0·8 (0·6 to 1·0) | 6·9 (4·6 to 9·2) | 2·4 (−2·3 to 7·3) | 3·9 (1·3 to 6·5) | .. | 6·3 (4·1 to 8·5) | |
| South Sudan | 50 (49 to 52) | Low income | 4·5 (3·2 to 6·3) | 1·3 (0·4 to 4·3) | 0·8 (0·4 to 1·4) | 93·4 (90·3 to 95·3) | 0·2 (−2·8 to 3·3) | 37·4 (30·0 to 45·8) | 9·9 (3·6 to 16·4) | .. | 20·0 (17·3 to 22·8) | |
| Togo | 75 (71 to 80) | Low income | 14·5 (10·8 to 18·4) | 2·6 (1·2 to 5·7) | 1·9 (1·0 to 3·2) | 81·0 (75·1 to 85·6) | 10·1 (7·0 to 13·1) | 8·8 (3·2 to 14·3) | 21·2 (14·4 to 28·6) | .. | 21·8 (19·2 to 24·1) | |
| Uganda | 36 (32 to 48) | Low income | 16·6 (11·4 to 21·8) | 18·4 (10·6 to 40·1) | 0·9 (0·4 to 1·6) | 64·1 (47·2 to 72·1) | 7·4 (4·4 to 10·3) | 8·1 (5·3 to 11·3) | −1·7 (−7·1 to 4·0) | 12·1 | 9·8 (8·4 to 10·9) | |
| Tanzania | 45 (40 to 53) | Low income | 31·0 (24·1 to 39·1) | 9·0 (4·5 to 18·3) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·4) | 59·8 (51·0 to 66·9) | 5·6 (2·6 to 8·5) | 8·0 (3·0 to 13·0) | 2·6 (−3·3 to 8·5) | 13·9 | 9·4 (7·8 to 11·0) | |
| Zambia | 58 (49 to 70) | Lower-middle income | 52·8 (44·9 to 60·4) | 1·1 (0·5 to 2·4) | 1·6 (0·9 to 2·6) | 44·5 (36·5 to 52·6) | 4·4 (1·6 to 7·3) | 4·0 (−1·1 to 9·5) | 0·0 (−5·7 to 5·6) | 51·1 | 7·8 (5·5 to 10·2) | |
| Zimbabwe | 57 (53 to 62) | Lower-middle income | 21·2 (16·1 to 26·8) | 0·4 (0·1 to 1·0) | 3·5 (1·9 to 5·7) | 74·9 (68·4 to 80·8) | 4·4 (1·3 to 7·4) | −1·2 (−7·1 to 4·8) | 11·7 (5·7 to 17·9) | .. | 13·8 (11·4 to 16·2) | |
Estimates are reported with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). 95% UIs were not produced for annualised rate of change in development assistance for health. Total immunisation spending is reported in inflation-adjusted 2019 US dollars per surviving infant. The surviving infant population is calculated using livebirths and infant mortality data from GBD 2019. The reported GAVI category covers 72 countries that received GAVI support in our study. AROC=annualised rate of change. GBD=Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study.