Figure 3.

Administration of imipramine reduced oxidative stress after hypoglycemia. Neuronal oxidative stress was detected by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE) staining in the hippocampus: (A) sham-operated groups rarely presented the 4HNE signal in the hippocampus. While hypoglycemia caused oxidative stress significantly, imipramine decreased oxidative stress in all three regions of the hippocampus. Scale bar = 50 µm. (B) Quantification of 4HNE fluorescence intensity in the hippocampus. The fluorescence indicates a significant gap between the vehicle- and imipramine-treated groups. Data are the mean ± SEM; n = 3 for each sham group, n = 9–10 for each hypoglycemia group. Individual data points (● = Sham-Veh, ■ = Sham-IMP, ▲ = HG-Veh, ▼ = HG-IMP). * Significantly different from the vehicle-treated group at p < 0.05.