Table 1.
Characteristics of different segments of CMV GI diseases.
| Characteristics | ES (n = 46) | ST (n = 76) | SI (n = 30) | CO (n = 204) | All (n = 356) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (M/F) | 36 (78.3%) | 45 (59.2%) | 20 (66.7%) | 122 (59.8%) | 223 (62.6%) |
| Age, year (mean ± SD) | 59.7 ± 18.1 | 59.1 ± 17.8 | 50 ± 21 | 61.9 ± 18.3 | 60 ± 18.6 |
| General condition | |||||
| OPD/IPD | 11 (23.9%) | 30 (39.5%) | 3 (10%) | 38 (18.6%) | 82 (23%) |
| Shock | 8 (17.4%) | 9 (11.8%) | 10 (33.3%) | 47 (23%) | 74 (20.8%) |
| Intubation | 6 (13%) | 7 (9.2%) | 8 (26.7%) | 46 (22.5%) | 67 (18.8%) |
| ICU | 7 (15.2%) | 13 (17.1%) | 10 (33.3%) | 58 (28.4%) | 88 (24.7%) |
| Underlying disease | |||||
| Immunocompromised | 34 (73.9%) | 44 (57.9%) | 21 (70%) | 77 (37.7%) | 176 (49.4%) |
| DM | 9 (19.6%) | 23 (30.3%) | 3 (10%) | 66 (32.4%) | 101 (28.4%) |
| HTN | 20 (43.5%) | 38 (50%) | 10 (33.3%) | 94 (46.1%) | 162 (45.5%) |
| Old CVA | 4 (8.7%) | 4 (5.3%) | 2 (6.7%) | 31 (15.2%) | 41 (11.5%) |
| COPD | 4 (8.7%) | 2 (2.6%) | 2 (6.7%) | 10 (4.9%) | 18 (5.1%) |
| CAD | 5 (10.9%) | 5 (6.6%) | 3 (10%) | 32 (15.7%) | 45 (12.6%) |
| LC | 2 (4.3%) | 6 (7.9%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (3.9%) | 16 (4.5%) |
| ESRD | 4 (8.7%) | 8 (10.5%) | 6 (20%) | 25 (12.3%) | 43 (12.1%) |
| AKI | 6 (13%) | 8 (10.5%) | 7 (23.3%) | 48 (23.5%) | 69 (19.4%) |
| CD | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (10%) | 8 (3.9%) | 11 (3.1%) |
| UC | 1 (2.2%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (3.3%) | 31 (15.2%) | 34 (9.6%) |
| HIV | 8 (17.4%) | 5 (6.6%) | 2 (6.7%) | 18 (8.8%) | 33 (9.3%) |
| Malignancy | 20 (43.5%) | 29 (38.2%) | 11 (36.7%) | 38 (18.6%) | 98 (27.5%) |
| Transplant | 3 (6.5%) | 5 (6.6%) | 5 (16.7%) | 7 (3.4%) | 20 (5.6%) |
| Chemotherapy | 15 (32.6%) | 23 (30.3%) | 5 (16.7%) | 18 (8.8%) | 61 (17.1%) |
| Radiotherapy | 16 (34.8%) | 14 (18.4%) | 5 (16.7%) | 11 (5.4%) | 46 (12.9%) |
| Steroid | 23 (50%) | 36 (47.4%) | 13 (43.3%) | 65 (31.9%) | 137 (38.5%) |
| Immunosuppressant | 6 (13%) | 11 (14.7%) | 10 (33.3%) | 17 (8.3%) | 44 (12.4%) |
| Laboratory data (mean ± SD) | |||||
| WBC | 6471.4 ± 4592.8 | 7743.9 ± 4697.1 | 7742.9 ± 3840.2 | 8176.2 ± 4179.1 | 7837 ± 4329.9 |
| Segment | 76.2 ± 13.9 | 70.7 ± 15.8 | 71.3 ± 18.5 | 73.9 ± 13.8 | 73.3 ± 14.7 |
| Lymphocyte | 12.6 ± 10.3 | 18 ± 14.5 | 16.1 ± 14.1 | 16.7 ± 12 | 16.4 ± 12.6 |
| Hemoglobin | 10.3 ± 1.7 | 10.2 ± 2 | 9.2 ± 2.8 | 10.4 ± 2.6 | 10.2 ± 2.5 |
| Platelet | 186.2 ± 91.8 | 197.3 ± 111.9 | 198.4 ± 110.6 | 235.8 ± 128.7 | 218.5 ± 121.1 |
| Bilirubin | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 7.6 | 0.9 ± 1 | 1.3 ± 2.8 | 1.3 ± 4.1 |
| Creatinine | 1.4 ± 1.6 | 1.8 ± 3.7 | 2.1 ± 2.1 | 1.8 ± 2.2 | 1.8 ± 2.5 |
| Albumin | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 3 ± 3.8 | 2.9 ± 2.9 |
| CRP | 57.7 ± 61.7 | 61.1 ± 74.6 | 76.9 ± 76.5 | 62.6 ± 71.3 | 63.3 ± 71.3 |
| CMV status | |||||
| CMV IgM | 3 (21.4%) | 7 (20%) | 4 (26.7%) | 14 (15.7%) | 28 (18.3%) |
| CMV IgG | 13 (92.9%) | 29 (96.7%) | 15 (100%) | 83 (97.6%) | 140 (97.2%) |
| CMV antigenemia | 8 (66.7%) | 13 (48.1%) | 4 (36.4%) | 43 (58.1%) | 68 (54.8%) |
| CMV viremia | 4 (57.1%) | 6 (33.3%) | 8 (72.7%) | 57 (81.4%) | 75 (70.8%) |
| Clinical presentation | |||||
| Fever | 17 (37%) | 20 (26.3%) | 12 (40%) | 69 (33.8%) | 118 (33.1%) |
| Abdominal pain | 20 (43.5%) | 30 (39.5%) | 15 (50%) | 47 (23%) | 112 (31.5%) |
| GI bleeding | 14 (30.4%) | 26 (34.2%) | 21 (70%) | 102 (50%) | 163 (45.8%) |
| Endoscopic feature | |||||
| Polypoid mass | 6 (13%) | 5 (6.6%) | 6 (20%) | 24 (11.8%) | 41 (11.5%) |
| Inflammation | 1 (2.2%) | 6 (7.9%) | 4 (13.3%) | 23 (11.3%) | 34 (9.6%) |
| Ulcer | 42 (91.3%) | 66 (86.8%) | 23 (76.7%) | 171 (83.8%) | 302 (84.8%) |
| Treatment | |||||
| Operation | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.6%) | 6 (20%) | 17 (8.3%) | 25 (7%) |
| IV ± PO | 27 (58.7%) | 40 (52.6%) | 18 (60%) | 127 (62.3%) | 212 (59.6%) |
| IV + PO (Combo) | 6 (13%) | 10 (13.2%) | 6 (20%) | 34 (16.7%) | 56 (15.7%) |
| IV (exclusive) | 8 (17.4%) | 12 (15.8%) | 10 (33.3%) | 55 (27%) | 85 (23.9%) |
| PO (exclusive) | 13 (28.3%) | 17 (22.4%) | 2 (6.7%) | 37 (18.1%) | 69 (19.4%) |
| Course/Outcome (mean ± SD) | |||||
| Time-to-diagnosis | 15.8 ± 13.1 | 17.8 ± 20.1 | 19.7 ± 16.3 | 21.5 ± 21.1 | 19.8 ± 19.7 |
| Admission duration | 33.4 ± 27.2 | 41.9 ± 34.5 | 32 ± 18 | 44.2 ± 34.5 | 41.2 ± 32.6 |
| Follow up duration | 922.1 ± 1504.8 | 1532.6 ± 5139.1 | 637.6 ± 1049.7 | 768.8 ± 1199.3 | 939.8 ± 2615.1 |
| Perforation | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 2 (6.7%) | 8 (3.9%) | 11 (3.1%) |
| Recurrence | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 14 (6.9%) | 14 (3.9%) |
| In-hospital mortality | 8 (17.4%) | 15 (19.7%) | 7 (23.3%) | 44 (21.6%) | 74 (20.8%) |
| Overall mortality | 23 (50%) | 31 (40.8%) | 13 (43.3%) | 77 (37.7%) | 144 (40.4%) |
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; CAD, coronary artery disease; CD, Crohn’s disease; CMV, cytomegalovirus; CO, colon; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C reactive protein; CVA, cardiovascular accident; DM, diabetes mellitus; ES, esophagus; ESRD, end stage renal disease; F, female; GI, gastrointestinal; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HTN, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; IPD, inpatient; IV, intravenous; LC, liver cirrhosis; M, male; OPD, outpatient; PO, oral; SD, standard deviation; SI, small intestine; ST, stomach; UC, ulcerative colitis; WBC, white blood cell.