Table 1.

Various mouse strains used for the present investigation and their relevant characteristics.

No.	Designation	Immunological Trait	Number of Infected/Placebo Animals	Origin	References
1	B6-IFNARtmAgt	No IFNAR expression	6/6	FLI	[50]
2	C.129S7(B6)-Ifngtm1/s/J	Impaired Interferon γ response and therefore decreased activity of macrophage function	12/6	FLI	[51]
3	B6-TLR3tm1Flv	TLR 3 deficiency	12/6	FLI	[52]
4	B6-TLR7tm1Aki	TLR 7 deficiency	12/6	FLI	[52]
5	B6-CD4tm1Mak	Block of CD4+ T-Lymphocyte development and restricted T-helper-cell response	6/6	FLI	[53]
6	B6-CD8atm1Mak	Deficient in functional cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes	6/6	FLI	[54]
7	Foxn1nu-/- (NUDE)	Lack of thymus and therefore absence of T-Lymphocytes, partial defect in B-cell development	6/6	JAX	[55]
8	Igh-Jtm1DhuN?+N2	No B-cell maturation, therefore no IgM or IgG production	6/6	TAC	[56]
9	NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1WjI/SzJ (NSG)	No lymphocyte maturation (B and T cells), therefore no IgG and extremely low cytotoxic T-cells, deficiency of NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, absence of complement C5	12/6	CRL	[54,56,57,58,59]
10	C57Bl/6	Wildtype, background of strain 1, 3-6	9/6	FLI	[20]
11	BALB/c	Wildtype, background of strain 2 and 8	12/6	FLI	[20]
12	Foxn1nu+/- (NUDE heterozygous)	Heterozygous control for strain 7	6/6	JAX	[55]
13	NOD/ShiLtJ (NOD)	Background of strain 9 (NSG), late-onset spontaneous Autoimmune diabetes mellitus, deficient NK cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and complement component C5	12/6	CRL	[56,58,59,60]

No.: Continuing number for better readability; IFNAR: interferon-α/β receptor; TLR: Toll-like receptor; CD: cluster of differentiation; Ig: immunoglobulin; FLI: Friedrich–Loeffler Institute; NK: natural killer; JAX: Jackson Laboratories; TAC: Taconic biosciences; Wildtype: no genetic alterations; CRL: Charles River Laboratories.